Classical Era

In music, many of the great composers Like Beethoven, Mozart, and Haydn all became prominent names through their ability to fully embody all that classical music is. Following in a similar pattern, art also took a turn in the sass towards a much more modern medium. The need to fell each open space with some form of art was no longer a big worry in classical art. In fact, the use of lighter colors, more structure, and small ornate details where much more preferred. This view point of art was not only seen in paintings, but also in the sculptures and architectural designs for this time period.A well-known architect for this time was Robert Adam. Who was more adapt at interior design. His designs showcased exquisite delicate details as well as portraying a common comfort and intimacy. This time period, would be a time for stretching the boundaries of the mind and creating an everlasting image through simple and pure techniques. Pertaining to the music, an example of an almost effortless seeming form of music is, Beethoven's own â€Å"FÃ'Ëœr Elise† (1810). In this piece specifically, parallelisms within the piece are prominent as well as a much slower melodic tempo than that seen In Baroque pieces.His use of dynamics pairs with the tension created throughout the piece only to be resolved at the end by the simple main melody coming back through. From this time period there is another great composer, Haydn. One of his many pieces is his â€Å"Symphony No. 94† (1792), which is also known as his, â€Å"Surprise Symphony. The title in itself describes the piece beautifully, while following along with the piece, there were quite a few surprises In it. Sudden changes in dynamics and rhythm would shock the audience creating quite a stir.Another Beethoven piece to look at Is his piano sonata, â€Å"Passionate† (1805). In this sonata, the common occurrence is a strict melody played by a solo pianist. Keeping with the classical trend, most of the piece i s contingent with following a similar chord pattern which gives tit much smoother flow. Music during this time embodied, simple fluidity creating some of the most well-known melodic and consistently flowing pieces still today. Art, Just like Its counterpart music, also experienced a change during this time period. No more would artists more minimalist feel.Art itself was viewed during this time as a form of education for the community, and was meant to enhance and promote the morality of the public. An example of this form of art is â€Å"The Apotheosis of Homer† (1827) by Jean- Augusta-Dominique Ingress, although painted a couple years later than when the classical period ended, it is still very much in that classical mode. By using lighter colors, and centering in on one specific aspect, Jean draws his audience's attention to the center of the painting where he shows them the crowning of Homer.The lighter colors like the lighter melodic feel in music are an attribute of the Classical Era. In Joseph-Marie Vine's, â€Å"The Cupid Seller† (1763) he uses a technique commonly used in many Classical Era pieces, he lightens his main subjects. When looking at the painting, the subjects themselves seem to have a glow while everything else around them is darkened and less focused. Another piece that has this same effect is Franà §ois Grade's â€Å"Portrait of Juliet Racier† (1805).His painting portrays a single woman lounging across a chair. She like in, â€Å"The Cupid Seller†, is lighter than her surroundings making her the focal point. Music and art both had this similar tendency, to focus on a single aspect or form by which they were trying to portray. The Classical Era was a time of enlightenment and change, from the heavy, dark, and lambent properties that were the Baroque Era to a more noble simplicity. In this time, ideas were borrowed from their ancient counterparts of the Romans and Greeks.

From Nature and Culture in the Iliad: the Tragedy of Hector Bibliography

From Nature and Culture in the Iliad: The Tragedy of Hector. Copyright 1975 by The University of Chicago. The University of Chicago Press. In his Chicago University Press article Nature and Culture in the Iliad: The Tragedy of Hector, James M. Redfield describes how â€Å"A Homeric community consists, in effect, of those who are ready to die for one another†, and the heroic role that the warriors from such a â€Å"tight-knit community† must achieve through action. He continues to mention how society contributes to the encouragement of this certain social task and the desire for the status of heroism.Among these nations and warriors, there is â€Å"a double meaning of combat: Defensive yet aggressive and altruistic yet egotistic†. The lengths these men go to in order to attain what they seek is imperative to the negative effects it also has. The heroes of these communities are praised by society and they are portrayed as being god-like, but â€Å"All of this is o nly a social illusion; the hero may appear god-like but he is only mortal. †Their people put them onto a pedestal, and that praise alone gives them privileges over the average citizen.Knowledge of these privileges puts pressure on someone who is defending their nation. Their job is to protect their people, however; if a nation isn’t at war then the warriors wouldn’t be able to prove themselves. So they are then obligated to seek out another nation and use force against that land, which can have a detrimental outcome. This creates a â€Å"paradox†. â€Å"To die for something, he says, is better than to die for nothing – and that is, after all, the alternative. † These warriors legitimize themselves by showing off the virtues that are of necessity on and off the battlefield.On the battlefield they, without hesitation, instinctively act in the way needed to survive. Yet, simultaneously, they’re capable of analyzing the situation and absor b the fact that, ultimately, the cost of their duty is indeed with their own lives. When on the battlefield, the warrior is able to see past society’s â€Å"solid and enduring† culture for what is truly is. In the soldiers’ perspective, the things valued in culture among society are â€Å"secondary†. â€Å"For the warrior, culture appears as a translucent screen against the terror of nature. † Living a meaningless life isn’t going to give onor, privileges, or most importantly remembrance. Regardless, if their army started the war or not, they will be remembered by their people. To these men, it is more honorable to go down fighting rather than to stand for nothing. These are the very things that cause the people to esteem the warriors and what separates society from the men engaged in war. These men become heroes because of their mere mortality and they â€Å"can choose to die well†. It is perceived by me, that Redfield recognizes thi s and holds a great level of respect for the men of valor during that age.I can acknowledge how great these men were and what they did for their people. I also realize how we can closely relate them to the soldiers in our lives that come home from stints at war, and how being on the battlefield changes their mentality towards certain things. In my opinion, there was a miniscule yet substantial message hidden here that we can all learn from. In today’s society, we do not hold enough respect for the men and women who put in so much dedication to protecting their country’s people and how life-threateningly dangerous it is.

The benefits of Facebook Network

Nowadays social networks are so advanced in various ways; we then can communicate with friends easily on the internet. Social networks are well-known for everyone in the world who lives far away from each others in different countries. There are many programs we can use for communication, including Google, Hotmail, G-mail, Yahoo, Hi5, MSN, Skype, Facebook, and etc. At the moment, Facebook is so popular for most people especially teenagers. Using the Facebook has lots of benefits for everyone who loves making friends through networks. Firstly, Facebook has a lot of functions that is very popular and interesting nowadays. It’s like a friendship book. If you use Facebook, you can make your own profile. You also can find your old friends when you were at a primary or high school on Facebook networks by using only their names or their E-mail addresses. In addition, you can share your pictures or video clips to your friends on Facebook networks. You can post your messages you want on your Facebook wall. You can chat online realtime with your friends on Facebook. If you want to comment on your friend’s pictures, friend’s messages or friend’s video clips, you can do it easily. And your other friends can share their opinions and ideas with you. Facebook thus has many good choices for you to make friends on this particular social network. Secondly, the Facebook is outstanding for multifunction using. The Facebook is excellent for playing games with your friends even living apart from each other. There are various kinds of flash games you can enjoy and build up your own creative world. The News walls and activities can be created on the Facebook in order to share information and invite your friends or groups to participate corporately and creatively. Now, let’s ask yourself whether you are an enjoyable person with games and activities or not, if the answer is yes, the Facebook is then the suitable social network for you. Lastly, using the Facebook is good opportunities to learn languages, cultures, and business in the global networks. The Facebook network has more than 400 million users around the world, and it is growing everyday that helps the members to exchange languages and cultures while chatting or posting messages on the wall. And also you can learn slang words from the network such as HMU (Hit me up), Brb (Be right back) and etc. The Facebook will also be served as the business purposes by posting product pictures or advertisements on the Fan page. The Facebook network then helps us to learn other cultures, languages, and business without direct interaction to each others. Using the Facebook has various benefits for everyone. The Facebook has many good choices for you to make friends on this particular social network. If you are an enjoyable person with games and activities, the Facebook is the suitable social network for you. The Facebook network is the cheapest way to learn other cultures, languages, and business. Using the Facebook is more advantage than other old social networks.

Threats and Opportunities of Colgate Company Coursework

Threats and Opportunities of Colgate Company - Coursework Example Colgate Company has managed to deal with the pressure of the external environment over time and this is attributed to the fact that the company has managed to stay alive in the market for the many years that it has. It was founded in 1880 and has continued to serve the world over the years. The company has had its fair share of Threats and Opportunities. It has handled its threats quite well to be able to survive to date. It has also seized all its opportunities quite effectively and hence survived in the market. One of the major opportunities that Colgate seized quite effectively is the huge market base that was unexploited. Any the time Colgate company was being coined in 1880, the world had seen very little of the oral health production industry. The world is such a wide base and in all corners of the world are individuals who have teeth that they need to take care of. Colgate Company took full advantage of this fact and set up its roots in all corners of the world. A vast unexplored market is a great opportunity for any business venture that needs to be exploited effectively. Colgate Company took full advantage of this great Opportunity that was naturally presented to it by the external environment. It employed great marketing strategies that hugely popularized its brand name Colgate. In fact, in several countries across the world, the brand name Colgate is used synonymously with the word toothpaste. One great threat that was presented by the external environment to Colgate Company is stiff competition from new coming products in the oral health industry. There are very many products that have been introduced in the industry in the resent days which have posed a great challenge to the survival of the firm. Some of these products are geared towards herbal medicine. Such products managed to convince several consumers in the market as it assured them of proper oral health care in a manner that is strictly natural and hence had no side effects absolutely. This painted the wrong impression that the products from Colgate Company were harmful to the health of the consumers as it used mainly synthetic chemical products. With the development of health concerns regarding Cancer and other lethal ailments in the world which are associated with chemical products, this posed a huge threat to the existence of Colgate Company. The company had to devise a mechanism quickly to deal with this threa t. To deal with the threat of the introduction of purportedly herbal and natural products in the oral health industry, Colgate Company came up with an ingenious idea. It made full use of its brand name popularity and introduced its own herbal products. It also introduced a whole range of contemporary and competitive products which cushioned off the external threats. The Company introduced such products as Colgate Triple action, Colgate Whitening among others. These were geared towards luring consumers to concentrate on certain effects in particular rather than the whole oral health in one package. Colgate whitening for instance was geared towards giving the consumers extra white teeth and whoever went for it would be guaranteed getting their teeth whiter than ever before. Tis gave the products of the firm a different dimension. They became less of just general oral products but more of products that are bought to fix certain specific oral concerns. With this strategy, the firm was a ble to beat hands down the threats that were posed by

New Technology High Schools Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

New Technology High Schools - Research Paper Example New Tech High Schools provide the students new techniques to acquire education and collaborate with their peers. The inventive form of education proves to be more effective than the conventional methods of teaching. It is due to this reason that the respective concept is gaining fame. Different advantageous aspects of New Tech High Schools shall be discussed in the paper, along with few responses to the negative perception of this concept. 2. New Tech High Schools The 21st century differs from the previous era with respect to the exposure to different technological inventions and facilities of life. The modern youth is more engrossed with technological equipments than the older people in the society. This early exposure has improved their mental capabilities and has induced a greater sense of logical thinking in them. Pearlman stated that despite of their logical and advanced mental capabilities, they seem disinterested in their academic processes of learning. The conventional modes of learning are not effective enough to cater to the demands of the 21st century and the modern youth. It is due to these issues that new modes of teaching and acquiring education have been devised- New Tech High Schools. These learning processes can be termed as an amalgamation of technology and required skills to meet the challenges of the 21st century colleges and workplaces. The concept initiated in 1996 in California; it was introduced due to the frustration of students, business leaders and parents for wanting a better educational standard. The concept has witnessed nothing but success since then. Much development has been witnessed in the state of Indiana; CELL introduced the innovative concept in Indiana and three schools successfully opened in 2007. The learning processes and programs of New Tech High Schools impressed the members of the Indiana society to such a great extent that they embraced the change with open arms. Indiana has become a national leader in the implement ation of New Tech High Schools in different states of US. According to Pearlman; in the early years of the materialization of the idea, few learning outcomes were identified as the main aims of the concept; content standards, collaboration between the students, logical thinking, oral and written communication skills, preparation for college education and professional life, awareness of ethics and social responsibilities and technological awareness. 2.1 Collaborative Learning Processes New Tech High Schools offer collaborative learning and team work that empowers the students to choose their own direction to acquire education. Center of Excellence in Leadership of Learning explained that the layout of a New Tech High School does not resemble the layout of a traditional school, since there are no desks or chairs placed in lines. On the contrary, students work on their computers and learn in a collaborative manner about a diverse range of topics. Large open spaces provide students the opportunity to work together as a team and coordinate their tasks. Collaborative learning provides the students opportunities to learn skills to survive

Justifying Frances Demands during the Two World Wars Essay

Justifying Frances Demands during the Two World Wars - Essay Example Given her diminished state, France's demands in treaties following each of the two world wars in the 20th century is of no surprise. Thus, as this essay will argue, France's demands during World War I and World War II are essentially similar, and based on similar justifications - the fear of a German threat, worsened by the concern that her allies will not come to her aid, and the inevitable need to embark on economic reconstruction after the war - all of which shaped France's stance during post-war negotiations. In January 1919, the victorious powers after World War I, led by President Woodrow Wilson of the United States, Premier Georges Clemenceau of France, and Britain's Prime Minister Lloyd George began negotiations for what will later be known as the "Treaty of Versailles." The main goal of the treaty is, at the very least, to ensure the stability of the international system after the war (Treaty of Versailles, Article 1). ... Thus, what justifications did France have for such demands First, it is of no surprise that France, after both World War I and World War II will demand guarantees for its security justified by the fear of a possible German attack. In the case of World War I under the Treaty of Versailles, this fear is based on the fact that towards the end of the war, France is in no position to defend itself from an attack, be it Germany or another country because of the massive destruction left by the war rendering France defenceless. As Pitman Potter points out, "in case of a German attack, there can be no doubt of the reality that of the fear of such an attack on the part of the French" (1919: 666). In addition, with regard to the territorial arrangements along the Rhine, France's fear is justified because Rhine is a strategic location for France against a German invasion (Finch 1933: 727). However, what is unique about France's fear of Germany, at least after World War I is based on France's historical experience. As Potter notes, Though the need for French fear of a repeated German attack seem slight from this distance, the state of feeling in France - even in Government circles - is determined more by the facts of 1870-1914 than by the facts of 1918-1919. (Potter 1919: 665) Where during such time, France has experienced, and is still experiencing, a significant decline in its population compared to Germany. According to a census comparing French and German military manpower, the military manpower of the two countries began to display a steadily widening gap after 1870, despite the increasing rate of immigration in France such that by 1911, there existed a 3 million gap between the two countries in favour of France (Population Index 1946: 75).

Organisations and Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Organisations and Behaviour - Essay Example First, there will be a need to have a meeting with all employees and inform them that they will be taking instructions from their departmental managers. Given that this is a deviation from the norm, employees may take time to adjust to the rules. As such, she should inform the departmental managers to arrange for a meeting with their departmental employees and chat a way forward together. When people have gotten used to following given rules and procedure, waking up one day and changing such rules and procedures could cause negative ripple effects. For the plans to work, sitting down together and identifying that there is a problem would be the first step to get employees to be more open minded to the formulation of new procedures. Involving employees in the formulation of the new policies serves to make sure that their opinions about the new rule and procedure are taken into account. This way, employees will feel that the new procedures have not been imposed on them but a product of their collective decision making and consensus. The managers should also give their departmental employees opportunity to express their opinions about regulations that they perceive as controversial. After that they should take time to explain to them why there is a need to have such regulations. Even so, decentralization for the rules should also leave room for employees to seek the indulgence of a higher office if they feel that they issues are not being addressed either fairly or elaborately at the departmental level. This way, making a transition from the old culture and restructuring the organization will be easy. It is vital to note that attempting to make the above changes without involving the employees may impact negatively on the organization (Kaiser, 2008, p. 104). Department managers will come up with various rules and procedures. As it emerged during the time that Jill Thompson took an evaluative walk around the company, there were several issues that need to be solved . First, the fact that repairing time has been left flexible to run between 8:00am and 10:00, production supervisors’ work has been made seemingly hard. It is hard for them to work with employees who may get to work at 10:00 and choose to leave for lunch at 11:00. This is because there is no ample time for doing anything productively significant. Probably the consequences of the old regulations were that production supervisors ended up doing so much work. This is because they have to be at work by 8:00pm for those employees who report at that time and stay as late as 7:00pm to be with those who reported to work at 10:00am. It is also possible that on some days they have had to take up the work they are mean to be supervising when employees who report at 10:00am chose to go for lunch at 11:00. As such, department managers may chat a way forward and come up with rules that ensure there is uniformity in time management. This way, flow of traffic in and out of the company will be tamed, giving production supervisors ample time to finish processes initiated and improving production and performance. Evaluation procedures are also likely to change depending on specialty. For instance, the research and development people may have a revised schedule for their evaluation as opposed to the unpopular monthly evaluation. Evaluation for other departments will depend on the nature of their specialization. When such rules have been adjusted, the departments that will be more formalized will be research and development department and production department. This is because the most notable problems emanated from the two departments. Such restructuring will help improve performance and morale of the workers. Reasonable evaluation period with also motivate employees

Atmosphere Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Atmosphere - Essay Example Earth’s atmosphere consists of troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. Thermosphere contains ionosphere and exosphere. Troposphere- The atmospheric layer is closer to the Earth and comprise of around 75% of mass of gasses in the atmosphere. Troposphere is 0 to 12 km above the earth’s surface (Barry and Chorley, 2010, p.17). The height of troposphere depends upon the seasons which are lowest in the winter and highest in the summer season. 99% of the water vapours in the earth’s atmosphere contained in the troposphere layer. Stratosphere- stratosphere ranges from 12 to 45 km above the earth’s surface. Stratosphere is the second major atmosphere layer in the atmosphere. Stratosphere contains ozone layer which acts as a shield to absorb harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun protecting earth’s surface. Ozone layer absorbs ultraviolet radiation which leads to increase in temperature with height. Mesosphere- mesosphere ranges for 50 to 85 km above the earth’s surface. Mesosphere and stratosphere both referred as middle part of the atmosphere. Temperature of mesosphere can drop about -100 degree Celsius. This atmospheric layer of the atmosphere helps to protect earth from meteoroids. Thermosphere- Thermosphere layer ranges above 85 km. Harmful ultraviolet radiation turns in to heat which causes temperature of thermosphere to be high (Park, 2001, p.81). Temperature of stratosphere can go above 200 degree Celsius. Thermosphere contains ionosphere and exosphere. Ionosphere ranges from 80 to 550 km. Exosphere ranges more than 550 km. This is the area of atmosphere where satellite orbits round the earth. Discussion Earth’s atmosphere is primarily composed of oxygen and nitrogen and argon. Nitrogen, oxygen and argon comprises of about 99.97% of gas in the atmosphere. Earth’s atmosphere also composed of trace amounts of xenon, ozone, neon, helium, methane, krypton, ammonia, hydrogen and carbon monoxi de. Lower part of earth’s altitude also contains water vapour. Earth’s atmosphere also consists of particulate matters which are rain, snow, dust and volcanic ash. Particulate matters are less persistent and highly variable than that of gases (Bradbury, Boyle and Morse, 2002, p.94). Particulate can often remain in the atmosphere for longer period. Importance of Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is the process of producing large amount of organic matter which helps life to sustain on earth. Without photosynthesis there would be no life on earth. Photosynthesis process is formed when plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon dioxide cannot be inhaled by human beings. Plants break down carbon dioxide to oxygen (O2). The main product of photosynthesis is oxygen. Oxygen gas is inhaled by human beings and it is very much essential to life. The large content of carbon dioxide is harmful and toxic. The lower concentration of oxygen is harmful to sustain life. Plants produce aroun d 30% of oxygen. Remaining 70 % of oxygen is produced by marine plants and single-celled algae. Marine plants and single-celled algae can also form photosynthesis. Photosynthesis process is vital in regulating life cycle process on earth. The production of food and deriving energy is only done by plants. Plants with the help of energy can produce and supple necessary energy and nutrient to other living creature. Photosynthesis is the only way to produce energy. Therefore, photosynthesis is vital to life and life without photosynthesis is impossible. Importance of Respiration Respiration

Professionalization of modern sport For Profit or Glory Essay

Professionalization of modern sport For Profit or Glory - Essay Example how it cooperates and competes; it also shows the connections between the practice of shareholder management and the achievement of different performance goals; it recommends attitudes and structures to the stakeholder management. For football industry, there is a need to capture stakeholder in order to re-examine its governance structure and practice, meet the increasing expectations and standards of accountability and maximize its economic performance. Otherwise, a conflict can arise between the football club and its stakeholders, where the fans are the main priority in the field of success of the certain football club (Hoye & Cuckelly, 2007). Besides, sport organizations are also the subject of scrutiny from such stakeholders as members, sponsors, consumers, and the government funding agencies that expect the football club will deliver the highest quality outcomes. The football supporters argue to make the sport’s governance a serious political issue (Rae, 2014). That is an evidence of a random survey conducted among the four thousand adults, the eighteen per cent of which consider their clubs are in the well financial state, while thirty-eight per cent call for the regulation connecting supporters to be involved in the ownership of the club directly. If to speak about the English football and in case of any conflict arises, the Company Law, protecting the clubs’ investors, can replace certain fans (Michie & Shay, 1999). With the introduction of the Companies Act 2006, its Section 172 states that â€Å"a director of the company should act in the way of good faith† and â€Å"most likely to promote the success of the company for the benefit of its members as a whole† (Companies Act, 2006). In that case, the director of the club should understand all the consequences of any decision in the long term perspective should care for the company’s business relationships with stakeholders and make an impact on the company’s operations in the community and the

Relationship between work patterns and family patterns of Asian Essay

Relationship between work patterns and family patterns of Asian Americans - Essay Example This means that both parents often have to work in order for them to meet the financial obligations of the family. Moreover, with the better levels of education that are available to both men and women, the modern woman is often faced with the dilemma between having a family or building a career. And the case is that often the modern woman does not wish to entirely give up her career to have a family. These pressures on families are experienced across the board irrespective of the ethnic background of the families. Asian Americans, like other minorities in America, are aware that they have to use hard work and employment if they are to achieve socioeconomic mobility in the United States. And coming from a cultural background that encourages hard work (Gladwell 239) it is no surprise that Asian Americans have adapted to and developed innovative strategies to enable them attain the much desired socioeconomic mobility. In America today, Asian Americans have the highest rate of college and university degrees. Many of them have realized impressive occupational successes and are poised to become prominent members of their respective industries. However, it is important to note that the Asian American population within itself is culturally diverse because of their different countries of origin.

Personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 10

Personal Statement Example I have always had a goal of being a public administration officer (Stelzer, 243). My reason for applying for a master degree program in Public Policy and Management is that I deem that the course will help me in my prospect profession. I will be able to achieve my passion of being a Public Administration Officer. I always fancied public administration system and function, since my mentor in life was a public administrator situated in Saudi Arabia. This encouraged me to work and excel in my bachelor program, as I wanted to pursue a master course related to administration. I qualified in my Bachelor Degree in Mathematics highly. Thus, given an opportunity to study in California Lutheran University will be a communal relationship, since I am apprehensively ready to put into practice my readily acquired skills and experience. Furthermore, I am funded on my master degree program by the Saudi Arabian government. This will make my education unproblematic, since I will be prompt in paying my fees. My sponsor has guaranteed any necessary corporation regarding my education process with the university’s management. Though I am Saudi national, I have relocated to live in the USA, and I believe that this will be a rousing factor to enable me pursue my master program with zeal. I did not match the level of the American English, as a result, took an English course in the Cal Poly English language institute, in California, to match my skills with the standardized American language. While studying English at the institution, I was enthusiastic about studying the language and my vivid imagination accelerated the level with which I learnt English. I am now qualified in communicating and writing fluent English, and I believe will give me a humble timing in my studies, in the institution (Stelzer, 245). I am a fun enthusiast, gregarious and devoted person since I often enjoy jokes cracked by friends. The jokes

World Conservation Union Essay Example for Free

World Conservation Union Essay UNESCO is an international organization being a specialized agency of the United Nations. UNESCO was established in 1945 and their goal is to contribute and assist security and peace. Actually, UNESCO promotes international collaboration in the spheres of science, education and culture to achieve universal respect for promoting human rights and fundamental freedoms. It is necessary to outline that the organization has five major programs (procedures): natural sciences, education, communication and information technologies, human and socials sciences and, finally, culture. UNESCO is assisted by government funds as well as by public and private sponsors, donations, etc. UNESCO is the sponsor of projects that involve teacher-training programs, literacy questions and international science programs. Special attention is paid to promotion of freedom of press, independent media, cultural history, cultural diversity, international cooperation, natural heritage, human rights and world-wide digital divide. Apparently, the organization has strong political support in all European and some Asian countries. The World Conservation Union is an international organization dealing with conservation of natural resources. This organization was founded in 1948 and nowadays brings together more than 80 states and hundred government agencies from countries around the world. The goals of the organization are: to affect, to assist and to stimulate societies of the world to protect and to conserve natural diversity and integrity; to provide guidance of natural resource and re-assure that any of them is ecologically sustainable. The main policies are: to provide guidance and technical support to UN organizations, international conventions and governments as well as to G8; to assist in developing of new sites for natural conservation; to contribute to natural biodiversity strategies an plans; to ensure technical support for environmental laws aimed at protection of natural resources, etc. Therefore, organization is funded by governments and private sponsors. References The World Conservation Union: an Alliance to Care for the Earth. (1994, February). Retrieved January 18, 2007, from http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m1310/is_1994_Feb/ai_15630441 Official Website of UNESCO. Retrieved January 18, 2007, from http://portal. unesco. org/en/ev. php-URL_ID=29008URL_DO=DO_TOPICURL_SECTION=201. html What is the World Conservation Union. Retrieved January 18, 2007, from http://www. iucn. org/en/about/

The Benefits of Java

The Benefits of Java JAVA INCLUDES A LIBRARY OF CLASSES AND INTERFACES: The Java platform includes an extensive class library so that programmers can use already existing classes, as it is, create subclasses to modify existing classes, or implement interfaces to augment the capabilities of classes. Both classes and interfaces contain data members (fields) and functions (methods), but there are major differences. In a class, fields may be either variable or constant, and methods are fully implemented. To use an interface, a programmer defines a class, declares that it implements the Interface, and then implements all the methods in that interface as part of the class. These methods are implemented in a way that is appropriate for the class in which the methods are being used. Interfaces let one add functionality to a class and give a great deal of flexibility in doing it. A package is a collection of related Java classes and interfaces. The following list, however not complete, gives example of some Java packages and what they cover. Java.lang: The basic classes. This package is so basic that it automatically is included in any Java program. It includes classes that intercepts with numeric, strings, objects, runtime, security, and threads. Java.io: Package that includes classes managing reading data in input streams and writing data into output streams. Java.util: Miscellaneous utility classes, including generic data structures, bit sets, time, date, the string manipulation, random number generation, system properties, notification and enumeration of data structures. Java.net: Classes for network support. Java.awt: Classes that manage user interface components such as windows, dialog boxes, buttons, checkboxes, lists, menus, scrollbars, and text fields, the â€Å"AWT† stands for Abstract Window Toolkit. Java.awt.image: Classes for managing image data, including color models, dropping color flittering, setting pixel values, and grabbing snapshots. Java.applet: The Applet class, which provides the ability to write applets, this package also includes several interfaces that connect an applet to its documents and to its document. Java.sql: The JDBC API, classes and interfaces that access databases and send SQL Statements. The first three packages listed, java.lang, java.io and java.util form the basis, they are basic classes and interfaces for general-purpose programming. Java development kit version1.1 added some new packages, with JDBC being one of them. Other new packages include such thing as Remote Method Invocation, Security and Java Beans, the new API for creating reusable components. In Java, packages serve as the foundation for building other packages, as discussed in the following section. JAVA IS EXTENSIBLE: A big plus for Java is the fact it can be extended. It was purposely written to be lean with the emphasis on doing what it does very well, instead of trying to do everything from the beginning, it was return so that extending it is very simple. The JDBC API, the java.sql package, is one example upon which extensions are being built. In addition to extensions there are also main tools being developed to make existing capabilities easier to use. For example, there is already a tool that greatly Simplifies creating and laying out Graphical User Interfaces such as menus, Dialog boxes and buttons. SECURITY: It is important that a programmer not be able to write subversive code for Applications or applets. This is especially true with the Internet being used more and more extensively for services such as electronic commerce and electronic delivery of software and multimedia content. The Java platform builds in security in four ways. The way memory is Allocated and laid out: In Java an object’s location in memory is not determined until The runtime, as opposed to C and C++, where the compiler makes memory layout Decisions. As the result, a programmer cannot look at a class definition and figure out how it might be laid out in memory. Also since, Java has no pointers, a programmer cannot forge pointers to memory. The way incoming code is checked: The Java virtual machine doesn’t trust any incoming code and subjects it to what is called throughte code verification. The throughte code Verifier, part of the virtual machine, checks that the format of incoming code is correct incoming code doesn’t forge pointers, it doesn’t violate access restrictions, it accesses objects what they are. The way classes are loaded: The Java throughte code loader, another part of the virtual machine, whether classes loaded during program execution are local or from across a network. Imported classes cannot be substituted for built in classes, and built in classes cannot accidentally reference classes brought in over a network. The way access is restricted for untested code: The Java security manager allows user to restrict untested Java applets so that they cannot access the local network, files and other resources. JAVA PERFORMS WELL: Java performance is better than one might expect. Java has many advantages, such as having built in security and being interpreted as well as compiled, do have a cost attached to them. As a result, Java has done quite respectably in performance tests. Its performance numbers for interpreting throughte codes are usually more than adequate to run interactive graphical end user applications. For situations that require unusually high performance, throughte codes can be translated on the fly, generating the final machine code for the particular CPU on which the application is running at run time. High level interpreted scripting language generally offer great portability and fast prototyping but poor performance. Low level compiled language like C and C++ offer great performance but require large amounts of time for writing and debugging code because of problems with areas such as memory management, pointers and multiple inheritance. Java offers good performance with the advantages of high level languages but without the disadvantages of C and C++. JAVA IS ROBUST: The multi platformed environment of the WEB places extraordinary demands on a program, because it must execute reliably in a variety of systems. Thus the ability to create robust programs was given a high priority in the design of Java. To gain reliability, Java restricts you in a few key areas to force you to find your mistakes early in program developments. At the same time, Java frees you from having to worry about many of the most common cause of programming errors. Because Java is strictly typed language, it checks your code at compile time. However, it also checks your code at run time. In fact, many hard to track down bugs that often turn up in hard to reproduce runtime situations are simply impossible to create in Java. Knowing that what you have written will behave in a predictable way under diverse conditions is a key feature of Java to understand how Java robust. For example in C/C++ the programmer must manually allocate and free all dynamic memory. This sometimes leads to problems. For example some programmers some times forget the free memory that has been previously allocated. JAVA SCALES WELL: Java platform is designed to scale well, from portable consumer electronic devices to powerful desktop and server machines. As a result, Java accommodates the need for low storage and for low bandwidth transmission over the Internet. In addition the Java operating system offers a standalone Java platform that eliminates host operating system overhead while still supporting the full Java platform. API makes Java ideal for low cost network computers whose sole purpose is to access the Internet. JAVA IS MULTITHREADED: Multithreading is simply the ability of a program to do more than one thing at a time. For example an application could be faxing a document at the same time it is printing another document. Or a program could process new inventory figures while it sustains a feed for current prices. JAVA IS IMPORTANT TO THE INTERNET: The Internet helped catapult Java to the forefront of programming and Java in turn has a profound effect on the Internet. The reason is simple. Java expands the universe of objects that can move about freely in cyberspace. In a network, there are two broad categories of objects transmitted between the server, your personal computer, passive info and dynamic, active programs. For example, when you read your e-mail, you are viewing passive data. Even when you download a program, the program’s code is still only passive data until you execute it. However, there is a second type of object that can be transmitted to your computer, a dynamic, self executing program. Such a program would be an active agent on the client computer, yet it would be initiated through the server. As desirable as dynamic, networked programs are, they also current serious problems in the areas of security and portability. Prior to Java cyberspace was effectively closed to half the entities that now live the re. Java addresses these concerns and doing so, has opened the door to an exiting a new form of program.

The Techniques For Requirement Elicitation Information Technology Essay

The Techniques For Requirement Elicitation Information Technology Essay By analyzing these processes it will give an understanding up to a level enough that this document can act as an easy to read and simple enough reference document for students who wants to 1.4   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Background As we know that the requirement elicitation is an ongoing problem area which may cause to the failure of the produce system. There are many problems i.e. problems in the system scope, many other problems are still present in the development of the system, which may cause to the failure of the system or leads to high maintenance cost of the system [1]. In the requirement elicitation there are many people evolve and have different perception about the system. From many years requirement elicitation is a research focus area and researchers have developed many techniques. As Zarinah M.K and Siti Salwah S mentioned in their paper Eliciting requirements should be carried out in a form, which encourages participation of all the stakeholders[1]. In this paper they focus on the participation of all the stakeholders during requirements gathering. For this purpose, to follow the requirement elicitation process, techniques and shared document with all the participation. Ann M. Hickey and Alan M. Davis mentioned in their paper that software development consists of many knowledge-intensive processes. One of the most difficult to model, however, is requirement elicitation[5]. In their paper they present a mathematical model of requirement elicitation process[5] which explains critical knowledge and how to select the best requirement elicitation technique. Their work in this area shows that the requirement elicitation is a very critical process in the software development process. Many models and frameworks are introduced by the researchers for good and correct requirements gathering. Some problems are on the user side because some time the user cant explain the scope of the system. So for this purpose most researchers focus on the requirement elicitation techniques which help the user to understand the system scope. Software industry is a very huge market and in todays world our lives are so influenced with software products that we are highly dependent on them from paying or bills, buying food, bank transactions, traveling,   businesses to communicate world wide, research, mobile phones etc.   But along the way what we dont see is that a lot of software products are failing today, many software companies are getting bankrupt and most softwares are breathing their last breaths as they will soon be replaced with a much better softwares well designed, less bugs, more features and efficient enough. One can ask a question why are softwares failing and why are companies getting bankrupt due to a software that is no more needed in the market.   The answer can be very complicated and long but to summarize it, its lack of acquiring proper requirements before starting to write the actual code, failing to understand the current and future trends of the software to be built, lack of understanding the market and opportunities and finally choosing the right technologies to implement the software product. In order to understand all these gray areas before writing the software product one needs to adapt and follow some processes, by doing so a set of valuable knowledge will be gained that can help the software to be following the current trend and survive in the market for much longer period. These processes includes a) Brainstorming b) interviewing c) Surveys d) Prototyping e) Focus Group f) Workshops g) Observation 2   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Research Methodology Our work in this area is to analyze the requirement elicitation techniques, based on this we   will be able to explore these different techniques and see how can it benefit us in different areas. For this purpose we studied the related research work and requirement elicitation books, and in listed some of the techniques that can be used for requirement gathering process. For the analysis we already studied the related research work to understand these techniques. During this process we will highlight the psros and cons of these different techniques, which can help different targeted audience such as students, start up organizations and other software professionals. In the process of methodology we got an opportunity to meet with different software professional and got some valuable feedback that could help us understand how important all these processes are and what are possible implications and drawbacks if there are any. Finally after defining all the techniques with their Pros and Cons, it will clearly specify the importance of each technique and weather it is possible to skip some of them during the requirement gathering process. And also the implications of skipping any of these well   known techniques. 3   Ã‚  Brief Introduction to requirement elicitation techniques. 3.1   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Brainstorming: Brainstorming is the name given to a situation when a group of people meet to generate new ideas around a specific area of interest[6].In Brainstorming Technique may be involve one person or group of people.They set to gather and discuss the requirements and new ideas of the system. It is a special technique which help you to think about various answers and questions. Advantages Of Brainstorming: Brainstorming technique is low cost. The group which involve in this technique, not need to be high qualified. It is very easy technique to understand. It help you to create new ideas and get answers of old question. It provide widespread involvement throughout the group. Brainstorming does not need more resources. Disadvantages Of Brainstorming: If the group is not properly organised, it can take more time. One cant describe his opinion in front of group. Due to go into the detail that something does not use. Some people afraid to talk with leadership. Not good for large group which may cause that some people say at the same time. There are repeat of opinions, if the people doesnt give attention[7]. 3.2   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  interviewing Interviews are in-person meetings where the business analyst asks questions to get information from the stakeholder[8]. Advantages Of Interviewing: Good for complex topic The interviewer can deeply understand the interviewee views. In interview high response rate are produced. Disadvantages Of Interviewing: Inconsistent   interviewer may effect the data. This technique is time consuming. There are small people involved. The interviewer may ask closed questions [9]. 3.3   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Surveys In survey technique all the information of a system may gathered anonymously. In survey all the general aspects of the software are asked to answer. Advantages: Survey is good for a large respondent. In survey large of information may be collected. This is a standardised technique which free from all types of errors. This technique is cheaper. Disadvantages: This technique focus on subject, motivation etc its not easy to understand the reason. 3.4   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Prototyping In this technique minimum version of softwares are written with few functionalities than the actual product in itself. It only simulates few modules/features of the final solution. Advantages: Software designers and implementers can get valuable feedback from the customers. it can allow the software engineers to know and verify the internal complexities of the system. Early detection of faults in design. Early detection of performance bottle neck in the application. Customers can verify the implementation and technology. Disadvantages: Excessive development time to develop the prototype. Large investment of resources to complete this. Unclear objectives can be confused by the developers. Insufficient analysis. 3.5   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Focus Group Focus group is a group which raise some issues and questions about the software and ask them from the system users. Advantages: It can help generate a lot of good ideas and opinions. group discussion can help find weaknesses in the early stage of design and architecture. group discussions can generate finest solutions. Disadvantage: it can lead to disagreement and arguments. discussions can last for very long hours and several days without any conclusion. 3.6   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Workshops Workshops is the technique to share different ideas about different technologies by doing presentation and meeting between people from different backgrounds. Collecting valuable feedback and suggestions and business opportunities. Advantages: Expanding social network among people from same background. Exchanging and sharing up to date knowledge. Exploring new business opportunities. Attracting investments for the business. Making new customers. Disadvantages: It involves travelling to other countries. It consumes week of business time. It demands a lot of preparation and time. 3.7   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Observation By observation we means to look the requirements for the   developing system with full concentration[3]. Advantages of observation It provides varieties to the stockholders[a]. It provides us the detail information about the developing system[z] How the user will interact with the system, so it give this type of results in advance. Disadvantages of the observation The requirements may not be up to dated. This requirements always evolve and need revisions. some requirements may not be implementable and needs to be up to the facts and possibilities. 4 Results Brief analysis of the mentioned techniques with explained advantages and disadvantages we can summarize our result in following way. As in todays industry majority of softwares are trying to compete or survive against other softwares that seems to be producing much better than their previous predecessors. This improvement in softwares is the result of acquiring/collecting appropriate knowledge through the processes/techniques that we have mentioned including others. Hence it is difficult to say which one is better than the other or which one can we skip because the more information we can collect the more knowledge we will have about market, future scope, what technologies to select, how much can it earn, for how long can a product survive and how the product can improve in coming years. Attaining all the mentioned points means that we have to go through all the techniques at one stage or another, if not earlier then definitely later at some other stage as long as the time and resour ces are enough. One of the quotation might explain it very well which is Writing system software is like planning a family, if you make a mistake you have to live with it for 20 years[10] So the more knowledge we have about what we are making and why we are writing, the less mistakes we will do. 5. Conclusions Hence in short we can conclude from our findings in this research that all software industries while planning to kick off new project/software our any new start up company about to take place. This document will act as a must have for them they would need to define these techniques and make them part of their company processes. The more the knowledge is acquired about the technology in the beginning the less mistakes they make and   more chances would be for company and software to succeed.   Also this document can help students and software developers who want to write their private applications and want them to launch in the softwares market. 6   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Literature references [1]. Supporting Collaborative Requirements Elicitation Using Focus Group Discussion   Ã‚  Ã‚   Technique by Zarinah M.k and Siti Salwah S. [2]   IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, VOL. 24, NO. 12, DECEMBER 1998 Requirements Elicitation and Validation with Real World Scenes Peter Haumer, Klaus Pohl, Member, IEEE, and Klaus Weidenhaupt [3] Field research method and type of observation by Throchim, B. 1999 [5]. Requirements Elicitation and Elicitation Technique Selection: A Model for Two Knowledge-Intensive Software Development Processes. By Ann M. Hickey and Alan M. Davis University of Colorado at Colorado Springs. [6 ]http://www.brainstorming.co.uk/tutorials/whatisbrainstorming.html [7]   http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_brainstorming [8] http://ezinearticles.com/?Requirements-Elicitation-Techniquesid=1901263 [9] http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Advantages_and_disadvantages_of_interviews [10]http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/~iany/consultancy/proverbs.htm

The Hobbit by JRR Tolkein - Bilbo Baggins :: essays research papers

The Hobbit This hobbit was a hobbit, and his name was Baggins. Baggins had lived in the neighborhood of †The Hill† some time, and people considered them very respectable, not only because most or them were rich, but also because they never had any adventures or did anything unexpected. You could tell what a Baggins would say on any question without the bother of asking him. This is a story of how a Baggins had an adventure, and found himself doing and saying things altogether unexpected. He may have lost the neighbors’ respect, but he gained- well, you will see what he gained in the end. Bilbo Baggins lived a very simple life, a life he enjoyed very much, until the day when the wizard Gandalf arrived at his door one morning. Gandalf was searching for someone to share an adventure with, but Bilbo quickly declined, saying, â€Å"We don’t want any adventures here.You might try over The Hill or across The Water,† and with that the hobbit dismissed the wandering wizard, but not before he had given the wizard an invitation for tea the next day. This of coarse, was the polite thing to do. But Gandalf saw something more in Bilbo and would not be discouraged. He left the hobbit, but not before he had scratched a sign on Bilbo’s door. The following day, Gandalf showed for tea, along with thirteen dwarves. This was the beginning of the adventures between the hobbit and the dwarves. The next day, Bilbo somehow found himself leaving his comfortable hobbit hole, and on what seemed to be an adventure. This was the beginning of not just one, but many adventures for Bilbo. The dwarves were on a quest to find and reclaim their famous treasure from the great dragon Smaug. It would be a long and difficult journey, and they felt it would be made simpler with the help of a burglar. This was what Bilbo was for, even if he didn’t know it. Bilbo didn’t want to be on the adventure, let alone play a vital role in it. But by the time the story concluded, Bilbo had changed from a well-to-do homebody into a burglar. The first time Bilbo exposed his hidden sense of adventure was early in the trip when he encountered a group of trolls. Bilbo was sent by the dwarves to investigate a strange fire in a forest, and

Understanding Celiac Disease Essay -- immune system, multisystem disor

Unfortunately for diagnosed patients, there is no recognized cure for Celiac disease. What the individual must do instead, is change their diet completely. Some may think that changing a diet around is no big deal and in fact, that may be true until it happens to them. Similar to many other aspects of life, nothing seems to be a problem or as severe until it directly affects the person who thinks it is not a big issue. This makes people diagnosed with Celiac disease lives challenging. On top of having to change their diets completely, they also have to deal with people who do not understand the disease and how it is a serious problem. Being diagnosed with Celiac disease affects the everyday life of people and restricts what they can eat. Celiac disease is a multisystem disorder. It causes the body’s immune system to respond negatively to the protein in specific grains. "The immune system responds to these proteins because it thinks it is being attacked. It then builds antibodies to protect itself from these proteins and inturn those antibodies cause damage to the small intestines" (Bower). In life you do not realize that anything is wrong until of course when you notice something is wrong. For example, coming home from somewhere and walking through the front door just like any other normal day and there is no realization that the house is broken into until noticing that the back door is smashed open. Celiac disease is much like the back door in the prior situation. Many people do not even realize that they have this issue until their stomach begins to be in pain for longer periods. â€Å"Celiac disease, a multisystem disease, is one of the most underdiagnosed hereditary autoimmune disorders.† What multisystem means is that the ... ... hundred percent. This disease is extremely complicated and time consuming, it involves tons of research and planning. Every meal has to be thought about and anticipated. Gluten-free diets are one of the most difficult diets to follow in today's world. Works Cited Bower, Sylvia Llewelyn, Mary Kay Sharrett, and Steve Plogsted. Celiac Disease A Guide to Living with Gluten Intolerance. New York: Demos Medical Publishing, LLC., 2007. Green, Regina. Personal Interview. 06 December 2015. Dennis, Melinda and Daniel Leffler. Real Life With Celiac Disease Troubleshooting and Thriving Gluten Free. Bethesda, MD: AGA Press, 2010. Green, Peter H.R. and Rory Jones. Celiac Disease A Hidden Epidemic. New York: HarperCollins Publisher, 2010. Langwith, Jacqueline. Perspectives On Disease & Disorders Celiac Disease. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press, 2012.

Brand Management Sara Lee: The Unno Launch Essay

1. What were Grupo Sans’ brands and what brand identity did they have? Grupo Sans, a leader in Spanish underwear market in 1970s and 1980s, was founded in 1960 in Matarà ³. Becoming a part of Sara Lee Corporation, the multinational company with the biggest at that time textile division in the world, in 1991, contributed to the growth and development of the company, and has led to the fact that 9 years later(in 2000) Grupo Sans’ income accounted for more than one-fourth of Sara Lee’ income in Spain. Source: Google Images Name Year Target Group Values Name Year Target Group Values Name Year Target Group Values Abanderado 1963. 1st underwear brand of Grupo Sans. Men and young boys. Was the market leader for men’s underwear in Spain by the year 2000. Traditional, solid, masculine, attractive price, best materials. Princesa 1969. 2nd underwear brand of Grupo Sans. Young girls and grown-up women. Traditional, feminine, attractive price, best materials. Princesa 1969. 2nd underwear brand of Grupo Sans. Men and young boys. Comfortable, sophisticated, attractive price, best materials. Love at first sight! As we can see, all 3 underwear brands of Grupo Sans shared the same values: to provide their customers with the highest quality product at an affordable price. A distinctive feature of the underwear of the group was conventionality of products, which was important for the main target audience: adults and the elderly. This led to the fact that although with existing brands Grupo 1 Sans managed to become the market leader in Spain with market shares of 35% in slips and boxer shorts, 45% in men’s T-shirts, 23% in women’s T-shirts, 15% in panties, and 37% in baby’s romper suits, there was a gap in target audience between 15 and 35, who perceived the underwear as too traditional and nonfashionable, and thus didn’t want to buy it. That, and several other factors, have led the management of the company to the decision to create a new, non-traditional and modern brand of underwear – Unno. 2. When and why was the Unno brand launched? The year 1994: Here comes digital era with cell phone and Internet businesses. A new generation of brands had appeared in Spain, all attacking the youth segment and bombarding it with new concepts, new technologies, and new brands. Suddenly the understanding comes that youth is the segment that consumes most and, with the advent of social networks and other modern means of Source: Google Images communication, represents opinion leaders. Meanwhile, Grupo Sans faced difficulties in achieving further growth due to static situation on domestic market, at which 90% of sales were made. Spain had the lowest birth rate in Europe and there was zero population growth. Moreover, underwear quality was constantly improving and it took longer for garments to wear out. That is why Group Sans had to target teens in underwear industry in order to increase profit and achieve further growth. It could be made by means of line extension of the group’s traditional brand (such as Abanderado, for example) or by creating a new brand, which would specially address young people aged 15 to 35. The problem with first choice was described by Josep Maria Sans: â€Å"Boys growing up wanted their own brand once they became teenagers. Abanderado couldn’t satisfy that need because the kids had worn the same brand as children and it was also what their parents wore. The same was true of the Princesa brand in the case of girls†¦Ã¢â‚¬  That is why in 1999 the company decided to adopt a new concept, and establish a new brand Unno which became successful due to several reasons: 1) Employing the seamless garments now possible with the new technology 2) Simple and understandable for teenagers brand name â€Å"Unno†, which communicated that the product was the first, the best and unique. 3) you?† 3. Was it really preferable to laungh the Unno brand than to ext end one of the existing brands (Abanderado and/or Princesa)? The marketing campaign, with slogan â€Å"Are you wearing it, or aren’t At the moment of the launch of the new line of underwear that used the new technology, Grupo Sans was facing a dilemma: should the new line be launched as an extension of one of the group’s existing brands (Abanderado, Princesa and Ocean) or should it be launched under an entirely new brand that the company would create from scratch? 3 Given the fact that Grupo Sans’ brands have a big share of the underwear market and both are well-known brands by the consumer, the initial thought would be to extend either of these brands to launch the new solution. However, as strong as these brands were at the moment of the launch, they were targeting very specific segments: while Abanderado targeted adult men and boys, Princesa targeted adult women and girls. This meant that, even if these brands were very successful in these segments, it could be hard to extend them onto other target segments such as the one Grupo Sans identified: young adults between 15 and 35 years old. This new segment didn’t want to wear any of the other brands because they saw them as â€Å"something their parents wear†, something uncool and boring. As the following positioning map shows, none of the existing brands could easily be extended to cover the targeted segment. Moreover, if one of the brands was to be repositioned in order to fit the new segmentation, its sales from existing customers could drop significantly. In addition to this, Grupo Sans wanted the new line to be perceived as something innovative and cool and decided to give the new line the highest priority in the company. Therefore, it made more sense for them to launch the new product and new technology under an entirely new brand: Unno. That way, they could focus on building the brand from scratch and making sure it was perceived the way they wanted. 4. How would you assess Unno as a brand name? Makes think of leader Brand â€Å"the first to do something† Unifies brands for women and men Short, â€Å"cool† name – just what teenagers want May lead to confusins â€Å"Unno† or â€Å"You no† in English, for example Unno – one piece Sounds Italian – this is good for fashion industry The goal of launching the Unno brand was to create a new product line that was perceived as something modern and innovative. We believe that the name Unno fits perfectly with this goal because of several reasons. First of all the word â€Å"Unno† is an alteration of the word Uno, which means one in Spanish. This is perfectly in line with Grupo Sans’ strategy for the new brand: to be the leader in the new technology and in the new segment they target. Moreover, it can be associated with being the first to get into this market, being the first mover. In addition to this, the brand â€Å"Unno† also signifies the unification of Grupo Sans’ male and female brands. As a name, Unno sounds cool and is short enough for people to remember easily. Young adults, Unno’s main target, will feel identified with the brand and the name will help them perceive the brand’s image. Moreover, the name sounds very Italian, which can be beneficial thanks to the positive perception of Italian fashion. Finally, the name â€Å"Unno† perfectly portrays the new technology Unno represents. A one-piece garment that feels like you are not wearing anything. It becomes one with your body. 5. What were Unno’s main communication objectives in 1999 and 2000? Why? Even though there were specific communication objectives in 1999 and 2000, the main objective of Unno’s advertising was to sell the concept of a one-piece garment that moulded to the body’s shape, didn’t leave marks, and stretched to fit. The brand was communicating the idea that comfort was the main product benefit, and that it was like not wearing anything at all. Unno’s communication was also aimed at achieving brand awareness for being the first and only brand selling this kind of product at that moment. But, advertising and commercials were not exactly the same in 1999 and 2000. In 1999, the year of the new product and brand launch, the main communication objectives were to inform about the benefits of the new technology used in the new product. The company focused on letting people know what were the benefits and the garment qualities of the Unno innovative underwear. These garment qualities were mainly that it was seamless and hugged well the body, so it was pretty well related to the idea of 6 â€Å"selling comfort† to people. In order to communicate all these features and create brand awareness, most commercials had a very long audio which exposed the main benefits of the new technology. Moreover, advertising was made using provocative images as to attract people’s attention and make them know the brand and the product. The year after, in 2000, something changed. The fact that they had ran out of stock, made the company feel that not as much communication efforts were needed, so they decided not to allocate as many resources as they did while the brand’s launch and to shorten the length of the audio in commercials. So, in general terms, communication changed in the sense that less was spent on it and adverts got short, but the slogan was kept the same as the company wanted to keep on communicating what were the productâ₠¬â„¢s benefits and to generate brand awareness. The reason why the company was communicating such things was mainly to educate customers about the new technology and its benefits, in order to make them first try the product and then wanting to change from the traditional underwear to the seamless and hugging one. They decided to communicate it in an innovative differentiated way, with the half-naked models in ads, to attract people’s minds in order to recognize the product and create brand awareness. This kind of advertising was done due to the fact that they were targeting the young people segment and had to find a non-traditional way to advert non-traditional underwear. On the pictures below we can see the kind of provocative advertising that the company was doing, as well as the slogans: â€Å"Are you wearing it or not?† â€Å"You’ll feel as if you’re wearing nothing†

Notes on the Ethical Theories Essay

Immanuel Kant (notice that he lived in the 1700’s and people likely had different views back then), a philosopher, believes that using reason, one can make a list of ethical actions. Kant says that one must generalize the certain action he is about to do to see if it is reasonable. For example, you ask yourself â€Å"should I cut the line in the cafeteria?† The way you can answer this question is by asking yourself â€Å"What if everyone cut the line?† Of course, if that happened then there would be chaos, so you shouldn’t cut the line. This also applies to stealing, murdering, and keeping promises. He basically says that everyone is equal and you shouldn’t justify your actions to yourself because you are not special and you wouldn’t want others to do that to you. â€Å"Treat others as you would have them treat you.† Golden Rule. But, if only you do this and no one else does you are going to get eaten up by the world. This may contradi ct a person’s adaptability and may negatively appeal to emotion; you will feel like a B—-. Veil of ignorance- You have two people who love cake. Tell one person to cut a cake in half but let the other choose which half to take. Again, Golden Rule. Kant says there is a difference between objects and people, you can replace objects but not people. Someone broke my computer, I am sad. He buys me a new one, I am happy. I am about to die, my parents are sad. They can clone me, should they be happy? He also says that you shouldn’t kill people for the greater good. But what if they were murderers or rapists aren’t they causing sadness, and their deaths would in fact be for the greater good? Kant sees that a persons intentions that count rather than the final result. But what if I am helping a person, who is bad and corrupt, against a thief who is only trying to feed his family, quite the dilemma. Kant uses only reasoning rather than emotion so that people always do what is right rather than when they feel like it. Consistency is key to his theories. Criticisms of Kant Moral Absolutism – You can’t always not lie. What if a murderer wants to kill your dad? Your dad hides and then the murder breaks in and asks you were he is. If you follow Kant’s ideas, you would tell him where your dad is. There must be some sort of emotion to counteract those who do not follow the philosophy of Kant. But again, Kant is saying that EVERYONE should do this, and this murderer wouldn’t exist in Kant’s ideal world. Rule worship- To blindly follow rules without using your own knowledge. â€Å"If rules can not be bent, then they should be broken.† Conflicts of duty- should you steal the medicine for your dying wife? Should you save your grandmother from the burning house or the doctor who can save many people? Moral coldness- The world would be emotionless and sad. There will be little space for happiness because everything is going to be so constant and emotions will have a very small presence. Utilitarianism- Seek the greatest happiness for the greatest number. What if you could randomly pick 10 people to die and save 100? Would you do it? You can say yes, because it logical, you use no emotion what so ever. That goes against Kant though because he says that people have dignity and you shouldn’t take that away. You can say no, where you are mostly using emotion.

Antigone Romeo and Juliet

Allusion between Romeo and Juliet and Antigone For years there have been discussions if in fact Shakespeare re-created material found in previous literature. Though, whether or not, he did Shakespeare created an effective allusion to Sophocles’ Antigone, the Greek tragedy. In Romeo and Juliet we see the love of two people, and the ones who pull them apart, then we see their final fate. In Atigone we see a lot of the same context which brings us to the main three ideas that make up the themes of these marvelous plays, love, government, and fate. One of the biggest parts of what makes these plays so intriguing is love.Love can be a very gripping theme in any type of literature, which is why Romeo and Juliet is known as one of the greatest novel of all time. What many people do not know is the similarities between Romeo and Juliet and Atigone. In Romeo and Juliet they are definitely meant to be together but their families’ controversy makes it very difficult which makes th em go behind their families’ backs. In Antigone, Antigone and Hamion are also meant to be together but, because of the controversy between Antigone’s brothers one was left without a proper burial.King Creon declared that no one must bury him, and Antigone decided to go against him for the love of her brother. Antigone was then caught and sentenced to death which separated Antigone and Hamion’s love. In Romeo and Juliet there is also a crime that separates their love, Romeo avenges the death of a friend and ends up killing Tybalt, which is then sent into exile. As you can see in both plays there is a dramatic action that sends a love one away. In Antigone Hamion is deeply saddened by what has happen to Antigone so he visits her dead body in the cave and takes his life. Before he does though he says, â€Å"

The Wave: “Research the original story”

The movie ‘The wave’ is based on a true story that occurred at Cubberely High School, Palo Alto, California. The point of the wave was to experiment and to demonstrate how a typical democratic society can be ‘fascism’. This experiment was performed by Ron Jones; his stage name in the movie was Mr Wegner. Both men were well-known as history teachers and this experiment was introduced as a trial in April 1967 and went horribly wrong. As he failed to get his point across in class, he decided to try an experiment. This experiment began by starting the group called ‘The Third Wave’ in his history class; he told the students that the whole point of it was to remove democracy. Ron Jones tried explaining why the Jews were lead to their death; these deaths were committed by the Germans/Nazi (holocaust). Ron Jones’s main point that he appointed was â€Å"Strength through discipline, strength through community, strength through action, strength through pride†. The students soon realised that Democracy puts stress on individuality, which later made these students more interested to remove it from their group ‘The Third Wave’. On the first day of the experiment the group was just going through some ground rules and having discussion. The experiment only intended on being a one day thing but the students were drawn in and wanted to make this over a week. The second day was going over discipline, and this is when the name ‘The Third Wave’ came into it. The name â€Å"The Third Wave†, mis-stating the mythical belief that the third in a series of ocean waves is last and largest (which comes from a traditional sailors' saying that the ninth wave is the largest, as recited in Tennyson's The Coming of Arthur). They ended the day by inventing a salute, which was to resemble the topic of the Nazi regime, and how to obey the leader and his commands. To show respect to the ‘leader’ the students had to stand if a question was raised. By the third day more students were moving to Ron Jones class, the class expanded from 30 students to 43. The students were improving on their academic skills and their attitude towards school. The students became attached to the group ‘The third Wave’ when they were given a members card and all got a task given to complete. The students felt like they belonged to something, many for the first time in their lives. By the end of the day ‘The Third wave’ had over 200 members. Ron Jones was amazed by the commitment and motivation from the students. The students started taking the experiment seriously and students started reporting others when rules were being broken, By Thursday Ron Jones had decided to stop the movement due to it slipping out of his control. The students became so attached; emotionally and physically, this became an issue. Ron Jones announced to the group that the movement was a part of a nationwide movement, and that on the following day a selected member of the wave would announce publicly the existence of ‘The Third Wave’. Ron jones made it clear to all students, that the attendance of the meeting held the next day was compulsory. In the meeting that was held on the Friday, Ron Jones announced to ‘The Third Wave’ that they had actually taken part in a fascism group without even knowing. He explained to them, how easy it is to turn a democracy society into fascism without the students even being aware of their actions. He then followed by showing a movie about the Nazi regime, the students then realised that the groups’ attitude was a lot like the Nazi’s attitude and that Democracy is extremely important. In the movie and books it suggests that Ron Jones was arrested but in fact he wasn’t, he was just fired from the job 2 years later. Ron Jones didn’t expect the experiment to get so out of hand. The story line of ‘The Third Wave’ caught the eye of many film writers and authors; later on it became a much more dramatic storyline.

My motivation Essay

My motivation to attend a Historically Black College or University has a lot to do with black history but not for the most common reasons. For me to be able to properly express my sentiments in making this selection, I would like to begin by speaking of my experience as a black woman and the experience of being black in America. This, I feel, is the only way that I can clearly explain my decision to attend a Historically Black College or University. In the very beginning of this nation’s history, Americans were under the power of England’s monarchy. The Americans were able to overthrow the shackles of bondage and created a Constitution that declares its steadfast belief in the ideals of freedom, equality and the pursuit of happiness. But immediately after the Declaration of Independence and even after the Constitution was signed and accepted by leaders of the new government, not every American citizen is treated fairly. This led to the development of several plans that were aimed at making things equal. Among which, affirmative action was praised and pilloried as the answer to racial inequality. First introduced by President Kennedy in 1961, â€Å"Affirmative action† was designed as a method of reducing the discrimination that had remained despite the civil rights laws and constitutional guarantees. It was a method that was put in place as a â€Å"Temporary Measure to Level the Playing Field† through the offering of the same opportunities to all Americans. While the â€Å"Affirmative Action† plan was intended to have good effects, it resulted in exposing the flaws in the system as â€Å"Reverse Racism† began to emerge and the â€Å"Bakke† case came about where a white male was rejected two years in a row in favor of admitting other minorities through a quota system. This â€Å"Reverse Racism† and other flaws led to a mounting anger against â€Å"Affirmative Action† and soon it became a Zero Sum Game as jobs and opportunities became open to minorities but not to whites. During this period, â€Å"Preferential treatment† and â€Å"quotas† became expressions of contempt. This is where my drive to apply at this Historically Black College or University comes from because I am a firm believer in the progress that has been made to address this situation. The recent victory of Barack Obama in the United States Presidential Election of 2008 is one of the biggest issues among many other big events that have occurred in America this year. This year’s election was even more controversial because of the racial issue, which they barely, if at all, had in previous elections. During the course of the campaigns, other candidates may have mentioned the racial difficulties in their speech or public pledge, but no candidate ever represented him-self as a minority. The United States, I am proud to admit, has begun the long process of change. The idea of having a Black President was unthinkable and unimaginable ten years ago. Yet, it must be pointed out that it was only achievable because America is blended by multi-ethnicity, which means America is like a melting pot, where all different races and cultures are mixed in one particular land, often called â€Å"a country of immigrants†. Many other countries aside from than the United States were and still likely to deny minorities as their presidents. This recent success is a clear sign that Obama’s successful run for president has broken through the ‘last racial barrier’. America no longer has to be rudely awakened by the Civil Rights Movement to realize that there is still much work to be done with regards to racism in this country. When Martin Luther King, Jr. died, the nation was ready for a major change. Ending segregation in the South and improving the status of the Negro race is now the correct thing to do. The victory of Barack Obama sends a message of change that resounds with all the voters; it speaks of change and opportunity for all those who had none and all those who have none. It is this same message of change that has prompted me to embrace my country for taking steps in initiating this change. These Historically Black Colleges and Universities have been trying to change this trend since their inception and I feel that it is my duty to be a part of that proud history and continue the message of change by pushing back the barriers. As the United States continues to grow in population size, the impact that the minorities have on the future of America will no longer be a minor one, to say the least. Without any effective action, these minorities will not be able to take advantage of the opportunities that America has to offer. Affirmative action was supposed to be the future of a great America. An America as envisioned by the forefathers who declared that no person shall be denied the right to life, liberty or property just on the basis of the color of his skin. Any effective action, such as taking an active role by applying to Historically Black Colleges and Universities, with regard to improving society should not be about segregating people or creating a different class. It should instead focus on creating opportunities for those who have none and building relationships that will ensure that America can remains as the great country that it has been and is for ages to come. It is said that the future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. I am one of those individuals who firmly believe in my dreams and am not afraid to work hard to attain them. I know that I have a long road to travel but I am neither daunted nor intimidated by this because I know that I can succeed. I am also confident in the fact that with the experiences that I can gain from this university there is so much more that I can accomplish in life and I look forward to the day that this dream becomes a reality.

Solutions to Reduce the College Dropout Rate Essay

Solutions to Reduce the College Dropout Rate - Essay Example The high college dropout rate also has many financial implications upon the society as the dropout crisis causes a net loss of $319 billion in the earnings (â€Å"President Obama Announces†). Alternative education options, improved parent-teacher and teacher-student understanding, and the implementation of programs to improve the students’ readiness for college education can help reduce the college dropout rates. Lack of interest in education is the reason behind the dropout of 50 per cent of the population of the dropping out students whereas more than 66.66 per cent of these students dropout because they don’t get any motivation or inspiration from the educational institutions to continue the education (â€Å"President Obama Announces†). This means that a student’s decision to leave the college can be temporal and the student may want to resume the studies from where they were left if provided an opportunity. To facilitate such students, the gover nment should provide the students with alternative pathways to education and training. They can be transfer colleges or work-based experiences that would enable the students to continue their academic and professional development even after leaving the education in the proper channel. This way, a student is provided with an opportunity to revert to the regular channel after some time. Colleges should also alter their teaching practices to provide more individualized and personalized support to the students for engaging them more. A teacher’s understanding of the students’ psychology is fundamental to his/her display of appropriate behavior towards them. â€Å"Experience indicates that helping the high-risk student establish a linkage with the college through either a personal relationship with a staff member, involvement in campus organizations, or a campus-based work assignment appears to be the single-most effective means of reducing attrition† (Jones 17). Inc reasing the engagement of parents in the process can also be quite helpful. The teachers should frequently interact with the parents to find out ways to mutually encourage the students to study. This also makes a teacher better able to understand the psychology of individual students. The US President Obama has recently taken some initiatives to improve the condition in the US. He challenged the states to locate the high schools in the US in which the graduation rate is less than 60 per cent and offered funds to change increase it. The Obama Administration has reserved a total of $3.5 billion for funding the measures to improve the graduation rate in the schools that have been persistently showing a low performance on the graduation. In addition to that, the FY 2011 budget prepared by the Obama Administration is inclusive of $900 million for the support of the School Turnaround Grants. President Obama’s efforts are directed at preventing the school dropout in the US and makin g the learning more involving for the students by use of appropriate recovery strategies. The Obama Administration has also prepared a College Pathways Program with an investment worth $100 million for the promotion of a culture of the students’ readiness for colleges in the high schools. The programs prepared to achieve this provide the students with the opportunity to gain the college credit as well as the high school diploma simultaneously. Concluding, the college dropout rates have been on an increase everywhere both within the

INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS - Essay Example Finally, the report will handle supply chain design and management, that is, how coffee from the country of choice will be transported and stored and how it will be processed. Coffee is the most popular hot drink around the world. It’s eminent if at the counters of most restaurant, commutes and kitchen. Also people who do jobs that involve the brain a lot preferred to take coffee as it acts as a â€Å"coolant† of the brain. Statistics show that most consumers of coffee are the modernised nations even though the third world countries are the major producer of it. This industry accounts for approximately $20 billion dollars of exports and is worth $100 billion worldwide (Bacon, 2008). Moreover, it has been shown that over 500 billion cups of coffee cups are drunk annually and this comes from 25 million people who work in coffee farms. Furthermore, over 50 countries all over the world grow coffee. Out of the five countries, Asia, South America, Caribbean, Africa and Central America, that grow coffee to the world, America contributes up to 67% of the global coffee output. Though coffee is manufactured in different flavours, depending on which country it has been processed from, coffee only exists in two different form: Arabica and Robust, being the only commercially cultivated and vended beans. Of the two types, Arabica is mostly grown and liked because of its flavour. On the other hand, Robusta is considered to be affordable and hardier Statistics has shown that coffee restaurants are on the rise with an approximately 7% annual growth rate. However, a large market for coffee is in the U.S where the third largest restaurant chain in the world, Starbucks, is the leading restaurant in coffee consumption worldwide accounting for 75% of Americans who take coffee. Other countries like Finland are known for drinking the most coffee per capita in the world. Supply of coffee from firms is fostered by fair trade (Daviron

Lesson learned Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lesson learned - Essay Example This in fact is the manifestation of being a good leader. A good business plan is to lower the costs. Many organizations have to face domestic rivalry forces all the players to develop new products, improve existing ones, lower costs and prices, develop new technologies, and continually improve quality and services to keep customers happy; on the other hand, foreign firms lack this intensity. clarity of goals and mission; creating sense of challenge for volunteers; ensuring commitment; ensuring good feedback mechanisms and ensuring task is designed and communicated in such a way that it is not daunting to volunteers. Building on this model, I have reasoned on importance of ensuring that volunteers are informed clearly on goals of the Revive and all expectations levelled so that new volunteers are not expecting too much ‘returns’ from Revive as the organization is a charity. However, in doing the aforementioned of keeping expectations low, I have considered a keep learning to be providing exciting and challenging opportunities and task which will push the workers to happily engage with assigned task. The business plan to capture this is to utilize The Gordon Model that has been pinnacle of success for many organizations. The Gordon Model will not be used be it values stocks that pay dividends however, Fusion LLC will not be based on stockholders investments. The rule of NPV states that all projects that have a positive net value should be accepted. It is also estimated 50 years of future cash flows assuming a 2% annual growth. The discounted rate of 25% (weighted average cost of capital) and in this case where the discounted value is higher the capital budgeting will increase the value of the company. Most organization are success in an element is because they have a powerful understanding of motivating their employees. Motivating employees is truly essential for an

Why Health-Care should be free in America Essay

Why Health-Care should be free in America - Essay Example They deem it a birthright. Caring for the country’s sick without regard to their societal position is a duty civilized societies accept, at least those outside of America. The Republican answer is to give tax incentives to businesses and individuals that buy health insurance however this would not deal with the root of the problem. Even people with insurance are restricted to the treatments they get, usually dependent on bureaucrats rather than doctors to determine treatment. Democrats support what is termed as a ‘single payer’ system, otherwise named universal health care, a more effective system that covers all persons, essentially imitating a similar approach employed by Canada, Britain, Brazil, Cuba, Japan, Russia, western European nations and many other countries. Employing universal health care will greatly reduce the burden of rising healthcare costs to working families and eradicate the quality of care segregate in this country that exists between the rich and the other 95 percent of the people. The majority of Americans identify the health care crisis as one of the major concerns facing the country as evidenced by the magnitude of rhetoric allocated to this subject. Most Americans agree with the majority of the world in that a nation has the responsibility to care for its injured and sick regardless of their financial status. â€Å"Nearly seven in ten respondents go so far as indicating they would be willing to pay more in federal taxes to assure that every American citizen has health care coverage† (â€Å"Who should pay† 2004). That more than 45 million American citizens do not possess health insurance is widely recognized but it’s those who are insured who too often cannot afford the health care they need. A universal health care system similar to what is offered the majority of ‘civilized’ nations should not be

Making a Golf Ball More Aerodynamic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Making a Golf Ball More Aerodynamic - Essay Example From the research it can be comprehended that it is highly anticipated that the results will answer the age-old question of how far a dimpled ball can go. There has been many studies completed with respect to improving the yardage of balls through the use of engineered golf clubs and improved golf greens; but, not much testing has been conducted in improving the ball’s internal mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to not only understand the inner workings of the golf ball and a breakdown of the materials used in the balls of today, but, also to further understand the aerodynamics of how the ball travels in the air and water. Through the conducting of these tests, it may be revealed that not only to improve the balls outer skin would improve the desired result of increased yardage, but, it may be found that there are lighter materials that could be used that provides the height, speed, weight and distance that many golfers need to improve their sport. Through the informatio n and data provided it is anticipated that perhaps a new generation of golf ball may be a viable option for the golfing industry and provide the insight into how materials may be a potential shift in how golf balls are manufactured. A 3D model of the location of the sensors will be produced and once this data has been successfully gathered through the use of several different testing methodologies, an analysis will then detail the results.