Living in a city Essay

LIVING IN A HUGE CITY OR LIVING IN A QUIET SMALL TOWN What are differences between living in a huge city and living in a quiet small town? And living in a huge city is better or worse than living in a small town? Living in a huge city or in a quiet small town, each of them also has its advantages and disadvantages. If you living in a huge city, there are many opportunities for your job, education, entertainment†¦ These things do not have if you live in a small town. For example, you will have many choices when you find your job, there are many big companies in a huge city, that you can’t find in a small town. Or when you need to study, schools in huge city are often better than schools in small town. If you want to watch a new movie, or find a Japanese restaurant, you look for these things in a huge city is easier than in a small town. But living in a huge city also has many disadvantages, pollution, and traffic jam, noisy†¦ all of them can make you stress. Living in a huge city is always more stress full than living in a small town. Another problem of living in a huge city is price of life. Living in a huge city, you often spend more money than in a small town. Prices in huge city is costly. You would have spent more money for your house, your food, your serving†¦ Living in a huge city or in a quiet small town, it depends everybody’s personality. If you want to find the opportunity, you want to have an active life, you should choose live in a huge city. And if you like quiet, you want to have a peaceful life, you should live in a small town. Nowadays, people often work in a huge city and when they retired, they will come back to live in a small town.

The Contribution of Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux to Landscape Architecture

4)To what extent Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux have contributed to the professional pattern of Landscape Architecture. Both Frederick Law and Calvert Vaux are actively take parting in Landscape Architectural undertakings in the 19Thursdaycentury. Calvert Vaux was a immature Architect in the twelvemonth 1857. He collaborated with Frederick Law in the Central Park competition. Apart from landscape undertakings Vaux besides committed himself as an designer planing assorted houses that harmonises with nature. Frederick Law Olmsted being known as the â€Å"Founder of American Landscape Architecture every bit good as a well-known park designer† by the National Park Service. Frederick Law Olmsted started the being a Landscape Architecture after experimenting and seeking out many different calling Fieldss. From a correspondent, societal observer and husbandman. He had many involvements in his early life. In landscape architecture, Olmsted combined his ideas and involvements in rural life and conditions and ideas of independent glorification to make a new signifier of civil technology that non merely focuses on its map but every bit good as beauty. The Urbanization Olmsted seen on the route with its involvement in rural jobs shortly make him wanted to work as a Landscape Architect. As he was touring about in Britain in the 1850s, he visited England’s Birkenhead Park, which was an of import and a accelerator in embarking into the landscape calling way. In the twelvemonth 1858, the metropolis commissioners selected, out of the entire thirty-tree designs being submitted in the competition for the new park ( Central Park ) the one chosen â€Å"Greensward, † which was the coaction work of Frederick Law and Calvert Vaux. Central Park is the acknowledgment of this design through its important characteristics. It was besides one of the earliest illustrations of a park that is being referred as a well balance work of landscape architecture, every bit good as the first in any state to suggest broad loosen uping evidences which have the beauty of minimalist natural scenery as it met the qualities of complete enclosure by a tightly built metropolis. Central Park was a great success where both he and Vaux are able to closely towards each other. The usage of hills, trees and curve paseos created a signifier of tranquility and farness from the metropolis. Both Olmsted and Vaux besides formed a company and designed major Parkss in Brooklyn, Buffalo and more. Apart from the formed company, Olmsted besides founded his ain personal house in the 1883 which led him to travel his place to overhaul Boston and created â€Å"Fairsted† known as the world’s first professional office for the Landscape Design. Vaux and Olmsted so started a long partnership with each other where they form the landscape thoughts of the place that should be played in the life of metropoliss. But single inputs by each of them has ever been ill-defined. Some besides argued that Vaux must be taking in the undertaking as he is more experience in landscape architecture as compared to Olmsted, therefore there is no ground to misbelief Vaux’s design. Soon subsequently, the park’s governments had decided to do Olmsted the Head Architect with Vaux as an helper. Although Olmsted had a batch of enduring in the ulterior old ages in order to foreground Vaux of import function towards the design every bit good as the development of the Parkss, Vaux had ever felt that he did non had the celebrity that he should have. Apart from the Central park undertaking, Olmsted and Vaux besides collaborated in 1865 after the Civil War on what many referred as their most successful design The Brooklyn’s Prospect Park. Not merely that they besides designed several other Brooklyn Parkss which includes the Carroll Park in Carroll Gardens, Washington Park and the Parade Ground and Tompkins Square. Olmsted and Vaux besides created a new signifier of tract that is able to work out the job of inefficiency of Brooklyn’s Grid Street system. These landscaped pavings are used to link assorted different vicinities to different Parkss all around the queen’s boundary line. Olmsted crafted assorted illustrations of designs which the Position of Landscape Architecture is able to heighten the quality of life in America. These include big urban Parkss being devoted to the contact and engagement of the scenery and designed to defy and equilibrate out the bogusness of the metropolis and the emphasis of modern life. One of the most of import conveyances were the Private carriages a smooth route reserved for them that is able to link Parkss and spread the advantages of public green infinite around the metropolis. Olmsted and Vaux designed the park to be able to make ways and way for the walkers and passenger cars to bask and look up to the park without holding to rag each other. The design of the roads is considered extremist as it allows vehicular entree to drive through the park without being divided from the park’s experience. It provides an array of public installations for the occupants and scenic saving safeguarding countries of extraordinary landscape beauty from devastation every bit good as commercial utilizations. Garden / landscape design could better both consciousness every bit good as the self-reflections of residents. With an increasing figure in alfresco flats, it encourages out-of-door activities where the garden infinite is a specified preparation land for the citizens populating around it. Governmental edifices would hold been more efficient and do understand the importance of planning. Olmsted’s design attack showed the complexness of his perceptual experience and even paid attending to the slightest inside informations for a occupant in harmonising green-space. Olmsted understands the concluding behind his landscape work which is capable of impacting the emotions of others. This was rather noticeable throughout his park designs, where he designed the pavings of the scenery such that the visitants would be saturated. Able to see the healing action of the landscape as what Olmsted would depict it as â€Å"Unconscious† procedure. In order to accomplish this result, he overpowered all the elements of the design in doing the land-art contacts more elusive. Olmsted ever wanted to believe in front of the current tendencies and actions and being able to deduce his designs based on the of import rules of human psychological science. In item, he cross referenced from the analysis of earlier British Sophist of tough-minded landscape and their attending towards the particular qualities of composing and attractive scenery. The kernel of agricultural landscape was the English cervid park, making an emotion of an hypertrophied infinite and its finely inflected land and smooth, a cropped lawn. He was able to gain that this manner is known as his particular expression to bring around the bad effects of an modern life. The â€Å"Picturesque† manner was being used in deep and worn out terrain, and followed by seting with a thick bed of different land screens, bushs and etc. This finally will ensue in a idea of charitableness, outpouring and secretiveness. His utmost experience of this consequence was on the Isthmus of Panama as he was go throughing through a journey to California. Where both signifiers includes the qualities of infinitude, and the deficit of remarkable objects for a item geographic expedition. As Olmsted defined it, the term â€Å"scenery† is ne'er applied to vision of any field that is seen as consecutive forward. Hence it should hold a degree of complexness in its forms and visuals closer towards the oculus, unimportant inside informations when looked farther off. These characters were of import for the unknown gesture of the scenery in head. They were besides an of import component to his design as practicing benchmarks for keen apprehension. The criterion of elegance that includes a mixture, complexness and a all right series of surfaces, colorss and tones were of import to Olmsted creative and cultivating intent. Although the site that Olmsted favoured needs a at least a rainfall in order to accomplish its result, he understood that bulk of the United States does hold a different conditions. Following that he sets out to develop a distinguishable landscape technique for the South, while in the West it requires a water-conserving technique. He applied the techniques of this attack with six undertakings in the San Francisco Bay and Colorado. During Olmsted calling, he and his house completed out over 500 commissioned undertakings. Which includes 100 Parkss and diversion countries, with over 200 private estates every bit good as legion residential undertakings and campus design for a smattering of academic establishments. Olmsted himself is a originative interior decorator, even though he had problem with showing his thoughts in words. With about six thousand letters were still about till this yearss, With its treatment with 300 design committees. And at times he paid for the publications every bit good as public distribution of these letters which includes his experience in journeys and several paperss by the United States committee. Calvert Vaux who is besides one of America’s well-known designer / Landscape designer. He besides shaped some of America’s most outstanding landscape during the 19Thursdaycentury. He worked with celebrated landscape figures such as Andrew Jackson Downing and subsequently with Frederick Olmsted, and therefore Vaux’s manner on the landscape architecture was ignored in the 20Thursdaycentury. Vaux was an optimist who worked difficult throughout his calling and life to better the life conditions of the lower category and promoted art instruction for all. Calvert Vaux had been successful in Architecture before the age of 24, where he came to America and met Downing. And after the sudden decease of toss offing in the 1854, the undertaking of planing the evidences of the capitol and the Smithsonian Intuition has yet been completed in America. In Vaux private life, he was a adult male of remarkable pureness, kindness and trustworthy. Although he lacked of socialising accomplishments, which was able to let him to hold a better place. But he still had many achievements and pattern of the best type. The calling of Vaux was an animating one for those immature creative persons who are fighting every bit good as citizens who are laboring and working in civic and small town betterments. Although the 1870s were Vaux’s most productive old ages but he latter shortly found out that his High Victorian Gothic Style against the lifting popularity of Neoclassical manner had shortly made his worked looked dull and outdated. Even though he won the undertakings with the High Victorian designer, for the American Museum of History every bit good as the Metropolitan Museum of Art and constructing the first phase of each of them, he shortly lost the undertakings for go oning the ulterior parts, due to the multiple reappraisals that the edifices had. His ability to win over big undertakings shortly beads, and he turned to planing Lodge houses and other good edifices for the Children’s Aid Society located over in New York City. Apart from that he besides devoted his last few old ages of life in concentrating undertakings on the New York Public Parks as landscape designer, which led him to plan several little Parkss throughout the metropolis and besides being able to go on his work on the Central Park. At his decease during 1895, Vaux did non take the function in the developments of architecture in America but he had left a long and unforgotten undertakings. In their late eightiess both Frederick Olmsted and Vaux collaborated with each other on Particular undertakings such as supplying free design service to the metropolis of Newburgh ( New York ) where they construct a park in memory of Andrew Jacks. Their concluding coaction concerns the Niagara Reservation. An country the province of New York bought as to forestall any signifier of commercial development which will compromise the scenery. Both Olmsted and Vaux composed their programs that would resuscitate the Niagara’s dramatic sceneries doing it accessible to tourist. In decision I think that both Landscape Architects did manner beyond their portion in the professional pattern of Landscape Architecture as they were really sensitive towards minor inside informations such as the landform, clime alterations, materials/surfaces and the ideas / activities of the people. They did non pretermit other points in its design such as transit in which are widely used boulder clay this twenty-four hours where they are able to plunge themselves in to the landscape, instead than being separated and divided. They besides tried to do roads and way efficient for both walkers every bit good as vehicles. And the landscapes that both work forces design had particular qualities in them where it’s designed towards tranquil and peaceable emotions. These psychological design qualities are a immense advantage towards the users in footings of de-stressing themselves and being able to look up to the elegant sceneries.

Energy Drinks as an Emerging Social Problem Essay

It seems like there is a new drink on the markets that I beginning to stir some questionable issues on health issues. It does not contain alcohol, but simply is packed with sugar and caffeine. Energy drinks are â€Å"in† right now thanks to the media advertising and trying to sell their products. Debate has been stirred on whether anyone should be drinking these drinks, especially young adults and children. The stimulants contained within energy drinks can disrupt the hearts rhythm, elevate heart rates, cause hypertension, anxiety, headaches, interrupted sleep patterns and in some rare cases can lead to seizures. All of the combined ingredients in energy drinks and their effect are still not fully researched and unknown of the consequences, but definitely it has been figured out that energy drinks are NOT good for the body. What is now just an issued because â€Å"according to doctors† ; might later turn into laws where there has to be an age limit to be able to buy energy drinks. More than likely they won’t become illegal, but there will be a restriction on them for the safety of the younger population in the United States. As mentioned earlier drinking energy drinks is started to become a problem because doctors played the role of claimsmakers. Right now they are trying to convince the general public that something is wrong and something needs to be done about it. To them, consuming energy drinks is a â€Å"troubling condition†. Because of this discovery that energy drinks are bad for the body, the media began to cover this issue. It is not a big issue right now and cannot be described as a social problem because this emerging social problem has really only gotten to the media coverage stage. Time will still tell what the public reaction is going to be. Right now it seems like there has been no reaction to this issue. There are still 3 stages this emerging social problem need to go through; policy making, social problems work, and policy outcome. The claimsmakers have used typifying examples to try to show that energy drink consumption really is a problem. Natural News. com mentions that a 15 year-old boy with ADHD went to the hospital and was suffering from a seizure after drinking two bottles of Mountain Dew and his pill, but energy drinks have 3 to 5 times the amount of caffeine that sodas do. The claims warrants here are simple; something needs to be done to protect the younger population from troubling and unhealthy choices. In conclusion, claimsmakers want restrictions on energy drinks to make it harder for young adults to consume; thus a healthier America. Energy drink consumption seems to be the cigarette of their generation for a lot of young people. Just how cigarettes ended up with laws being made for them, it is very possible that energy drinks will get some kind of restriction on them. This debate on energy drink consumption has begun to get heated and forecasting a big change in policies for energy drinks are very possible in the near future. http://www. devonbate. com/energy-drinks-that-big-of-a-deal/ http://www. foxnews. com/health/2011/02/15/energy-drinks-harming-kids/ http://www. naturalnews. com/032786_energy_drinks_side_effects. html.

Ten Key Qualities of Law Enforcement Leaders Essay

Ten Key Qualities of Law Enforcement Leaders - Essay Example Most people who call themselves leaders act as bosses rather than being leaders. A boss will give orders while a true leader gives instructions to a task and shows the way to do it. Effective leadership ought to be coupled with good planning and participation. A good leader should not only direct the task but should go further to participating in the activity. Leaders should understand that leadership is not all about instilling fear to the subjects but rather good leadership should instill enthusiasm. Indeed, effective Leadership must produce motivation to the subjects. Gonzalez indicates that leaders are gifted to make enthusiasm and real pride in accomplishing a purpose. In adding up to inspiration, some make regular references to the care and wellbeing of subordinates. Actually, excellent leaders watch over their workers. Effective leaders learn to set an example; they own an indisputable sympathy for others; are not afraid to admit accountability; and mind about the people they lead. True leaders readily take responsibility for all their actions and never fear owning up their deeds. Responsibility also means taking risks of everything that they do. Fundamentally, effective leaders are quick to accept the mistakes that they make in their course of actions. Leaders should embrace the idea of accountability and accept penalties whenever they fail and are held answerable. Additionally, a sense of certainty pervades the thoughts of effective leaders. This enables them to get things through and to shun from fear of making mistakes. One fact that effe ctive leaders accept is that mistakes are a component of the job they do. In effect, leaders usually prevail against the odds, regardless of having numerous impediments (Gonzalez 2). Good leaders have a high self worth and self esteem. These help them to motivate the people they lead because they (subjects) always look upon their leader.

Environment and Sustainable Development Assignment - 1

Environment and Sustainable Development - Assignment Example This ensures that all life forms are equitably taken care of and extinction of certain species is eluded (Williamson 12) . Assist the government and corporations as well as the public to make strides in utilization and full beneficial access from natural resources. By doing so they ensure that there are maximum use and colossal benefits from the environment mutually. The role of environmentalist relates to the various techniques taught in class such as botanical and zoological conservation methods to delve into the core role of environmental conservation. Subsequently, every approach was undertaken in class in terms of practical work links in unison to the practical approach undertaken by environmentalists. The interview conducted involved an expert in the environmental field. Name; Contact no: The main method of interview used was question and answer and from the results achieved the report was written. Preceding the tour of an environmental based scene/ zone it was evident that conservation of the species was paramount among all (the basis of our class topics-conservation of an environment). Furthermore, there was clear evidence of improvement in the sustainability of the environment in various ways such as aquariums of indigenous fish species as a way of protecting them.  Ã‚  

Research Critique Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Research Critique - Assignment Example It also provides a basis on how two parties can negotiate their responsibilities. The study highlighted some responsibilities that parents play in the care of their children with asthmatic condition and roles of the children for their self-care. Staying with asthma have need of the implementation of a variety of responsibilities as well as keeping an eye on signs, supervising medicine, looking for medical help and working mutually with health care personnel. This paper suggests that the responsibilities of parents in taking care of children suffering from asthma should be clear. The parents and caregivers must play their roles fully because young children have little understanding about their health condition. Children’s ability to take responsibility for their condition is reliant on what they are acceptable and instructed to do by their parents and caregivers. Children get involved in different activities like playing and going to school. The kind of independence that was discovered through the study is only limited to the simple things that children can do without much knowledge about what they are doing. The level of understanding that children have is not enough to allow them take responsibility of their asthmatic condition. Children’s understandings, mutually of their own bodies and their asthmatic state could be very diverse to those of their parents, which have repercussion for their advance to self-monitoring. This critical analysis paper will extract some points from the research paper to indicate important things this research considers. Direct quotations from the research paper are useful to analyze the findings and the conclusion of this study. The argument of this paper is that the roles of children aged between seven and twelve are not clear enough. The research used open-ended interviews to children and their parents. The children interviewed said what they were able to do now as opposed to what they

Internet Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Internet Marketing - Essay Example There is no way I am not taking advantage of this new offer not in a million years and since the offer has a limited timeline, there is no time to shower. Even if I wanted to shower, I have no bath wash and I have to remember to pick that up after the coffee. Since the coffee shop is only a few blocks from my house, I just leave in my sweats and hope to not be late. On my way out I grab something I never leave the house without (besides my smartphone that is) and this is the google glass. The google glass is the best invention so far and I adore them. I have several reasons for that the first being that I get to take photos and record videos of funny occurrences and events on my way to the coffee shop without attracting the attention of people and hence little chances of being caught doing so. These pictures and videos I later share with my friends on facebook and instagram and we have a laugh about. It is also easier for me to get directions from my google glass and especially when my hands are full like they are about to be once I get my steaming hot coffee and free donut. Believe or not I actually work and not spend all my time playing with my tech toys or on social media. I therefore catch up with my work as I walk along the streets shopping, when waiting to meet my friends or potential clients or investors physically among other times. I ask my google glass to tell me how long it will take me to reach the coffee shop and it displays 3 min. In three minutes I will have gone through the urgent emails that I see are notified and alerting me as urgent. Flipping through this image without actually failing to continue walking is the best thing ever as I get to multitask while walking the streets without safety fear. A text message from my phone interrupts my email reading and it is reminder that I have arrived at the coffee house. This text message alert on my location is another great invention for the

Client brief Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Client brief - Essay Example Byron Kakulas. The organization works for the children suffering from such ailments through fundraising activities, gaining of sponsorships and through donations. Total amount of fund raised during 2011 was estimated to rise by $200 Million in comparison to the 2010 period. The major contributors to the organization’s charitable fund comprised of 28 industries pertaining to resources and 49 industries pertaining to property and lease holdings. 1 Internal and External Environment Analysis of the Organization Internal Environment TOWS Matrix for the Concern The TOWS Matrix for Muscular Dystrophy Western Australia can be framed as follows reflecting the threats, weaknesses, opportunities and strengths of the concern. ... oreover another threat faced by the firm is possessing small number of offices that in turn make it hard for the company to manage the different volunteers allocated to different regions. 2 Weaknesses-Threats Lack of proper office infrastructure limits the ability of the firm to enhance its research objectives. Again owing to the lack of effective volunteers operating in large numbers the organization fails to deliver the best possible service to the ailing community. Weaknesses- Opportunities Though opportunities exist in terms of financing and community support from the firm’s external climate the company suffers from its incapability in forming strategic alliances with other health based organizations. Inability of the company to open proper offices in ailment prone zones makes it difficult for the company to render effective services in spite of finances and communal support.3 Strength- Opportunities The organization tends to render a larger growth opportunity for the peop le in the form of volunteers to grow with the company which presently operates based on a permanent team member of five people. Moreover the opportunities available from the external environment in the form of financial and communal support help the firm to grow and develop its human resources through training and developmental functions. External Environment Public The Muscular Dystrophy Western Australia organization focuses on gaining a large amount of public support owing to its community sharing and support programs aimed at enhancing the relationships with the parents of the ailing children. Through such community network the organization tends to forward potential advice and support. Moreover the organization supports the people suffering from career problems through holding of workshops

Introduction of research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Introduction of - Research Paper Example The paper is going to examine and discuss the function of aniline substituents by looking into the intensities of SERS of different anilines in gold and silver colloids by utilizing a Raman spectrometer which has a 785 nm excitation wavelength. The Chemical Enhancement factors of the Surface Enhanced Raman and detection limits for aniline and its mono- and di-substituted meta derivatives are established and comparisons made. The inductive impacts of withdrawal of electrons as a result of substituents and the steric needs of chemical adsorption influence the strength of signals of different vibrational modes of the aromatic ring and amino group. By utilizing the transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the level of improvement is also linked to the ways of setting up the silver and gold colloids, which are characterized by exploring the structural morphology of the nanoparticle and its level of aggregation. Introduction: What is Raman Effect? Raman scattering or Raman Effect is the ine lastic scattering of photons from an atom or a molecule (Sur, 2010). It was discovered by a well known Indian physicist C V Raman in the year 1928. Generally, most photons are elastically scattered from an atom or a molecule, with the scattered photons having the same energy and wavelength as the incident photons (Sur, 2010). This phenomenon is known as ‘Rayleigh scattering’ and it accounts for the blue color of the sky (Sur, 2010). There is however a difference in frequency between the scattered photons and the incident photons. This physicist discovered the Raman Effect as he was working on the molecular diffraction of light and observed this effect in liquid. The Other Russian scientists Gregory Landsberg and Leonid Mandelstam first observed this effect in crystals (Sur, 2010). Raman won the Nobel Prize in 1930 for his work on inelastic scattering of photons. The history of SERS SERS was discovered accidentally in 1974 as people attempted to perform Raman on the elec trode with an original idea of generating a high surface area on that extremely roughened metal. With time, people realized that the surface area was not the fundamental point on this arena. Periodical searches were made in the dark, which led to progress in 1977 when different groups found out that the rough silver electrode can produce a Raman spectrum that is a million fold more intense than what was expected (Ferraro, 1994). The huge signal confirmed surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). SERS have recently overcome the disadvantage of the small cross section of Raman spectroscopy completely, and therefore can be utilized to study the single molecule spectroscopy (Ferraro, 1994). Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has experienced renaissance recently in its development as a result of the remarkable discovery of single molecule SERS (SMSERS). This has also led to the explosion of interest in nanophotonics and plasmonics (Dieringer, 2005). Since excitation of the locali zed surface Plasmon resonance (LSPR) of a nanostructured surface or nanoparticle Is centered at the heart of SERS, it is vital to have in control all of the factors influencing the LSPR with an aim to maximize signal strength and ensure reproducibility (Dieringer, 2005)

Assessment case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Assessment case study - Essay Example The two most important models related to disability are the medical and social models. For assessment of John's case, I would follow both the models as "Both the medical and social model aim to 'cure' disability, the former by curing the impairment and the latter by curing the environment and social attitudes. This indicates that, despite the polarity of their views of the world and the opposing positions they occupy, both models aim to improve the state of disability." (Wilson, 2003. p. 22) When a disabled child is small, his condition does not bother his parents much, as bringing him up is like bringing up a normal child, as at that stage all children are dependent on their parents for their needs. It is when the child grows up (during their adolescence stage) as is the case of John who is 15, that the parents as well as the disabled child realize the reality that that their situation is different from the rest and is going to remain the same. This is the time when parents get tota lly dejected. Since I am going to meet John and his family at such a critical stage, I would keep in mind that he and his family need emotional support more than anything else. For family members the burden of shouldering the responsibility of a disabled person takes a toll on their psyche and might frustrate them so much, that they start abusing and cursing the disabled person. They might not allow the disabled person to do things according to his liking by pointing his incapability to him. During the assessment meeting I would look into this aspect to determine whether John is getting proper care and love by his parents and siblings or not. If I find something amiss I will try to focus on this aspect so that John and his family members are able to deal with their unfortunate situation in a better way. I would see to it that every positive change begins from home. Since John is so used to of his family members being an intermediary between him and outsiders, I will try to encourage John to express himself as much as possible in the first meeting so that he gets comfortable with me and sheds his hesitance as my main objective is to improve his condition more than that of his family members. Both John and I will have to struggle a lot to understand each other because of his critical condition. I will try to systematically organize the service delivery in accordance to the policies and programmes designed by my team to deliver the best possible service to John and his family. Since assessment meeting is not only about John, but his circumstances too, I will try my best to organise, systemise and rationalise the information provided by John's father in his letter as well as my face-to-face communication with his entire family sensitively to get the crux of the whole situation. In this case, I will totally abide by the viewpoint of Coulshed and Orme who have rightly pointed out that "assessment is not just an event, for example the production of a profile on someone or a report for the court; it is, as indicated, a way of continuously collecting and synthesising available data, which includes thoughts and feelings, in order to formulate 'treatment' plans." (1998, p. 21) Through the letter of John's father it as clear that in the past he has not got much help from the

Why does this author deserve his place in literary history Essay

Why does this author deserve his place in literary history - Essay Example his skills in writing as his way of speaking up and expressing his thoughts about the Black American’s family life, the social violence within the society, bias treatment of the white Americans over the African Americans when it comes to educational support, some political issues, and their desire to have equal freedom with the white Americans. In the process of writing, his novels and poets made him able to contribute a significant impact over the lives of many people including the history of the African American collection of cultural literatures. Today, the works of Hughes is widely used in the study of ethnic and cultural diversity. To some extent, Hughes writings enable the readers to understand the cultural discontinuity as well as the social and psychological damaging effects of being a subject of slavery in the past. (Comer, 1989: 213) As a way of proving Hughes’ worth on the history of literature, it is necessary to discuss and examine Hughes’ specific contribution to the African American society. To do so, I will Langston Hughes has written many books and short stories about the lives of the African Americans. Back in 1934, he wrote ‘The Ways of White Folks’ that describes some of the most tragic interactions that have occurred between the white Americans and the Afro-Americans in a humorous way. (Rampersad, 2001: 207; Rampersad, 1986: 277) The story also highlighted a general pessimism regarding racial issues and satirical realism. (Rampersad, 2001: 207) He also wrote a theatrical play entitled ‘Way Down South’ wherein he focused on racial discrimination issues that have been present on the lives of the African Americans for many years. (Rampersad, 1986: 366 – 369) With regards to political issues, Hughes focuses his writings on awakening the promise of Communism within the American society. In line with this matter, he wrote a poem entitled ‘A New Song’ in order to remind the Americans about the importance of a fair treatment

Prior to Burial Essay Example for Free

Prior to Burial Essay The funeral service industry in the United States is discussed. A brief history of how funeral homes and associated services got their start. The various personnel and duties of those personnel are discussed. In addition, the educational and licensing requirements are outlined. A brief analysis of alternate funeral options is offered as well. The death of a loved on is always a painful experience. The funeral service industry recognizes the difficulty of planning a funeral. The job of individuals in the funeral service industry is to help family and friends design a funeral that meets the needs of the family and friends while also honoring the wishes of the deceased. In addition, funeral directors and other staff members work with different religious groups in order to ease the transition from life to death. There are many aspects of the funeral service industry and they are discussed and analyzed. The history of the funeral service industry is also offered. The funeral service industry has its roots in Chicago. Chicago has been the national center of the funeral industry since the late nineteenth century when the industry began to become more specialized and personalized (Wilson, 1). Prior to the 1830s, families who required the services of undertakers often dealt with people for whom the funeral service was just a part time job. In the 1830s cemeteries began to be created throughout Chicago. Cemeteries were staffed by gravediggers such as Henry Gherkin who was a Prussian immigrant and one of the city’s first gravediggers. However, the job of undertaker was still a part time affair. Many undertakers also ran other businesses when not helping prepare the dead for burial. These undertakers also sold caskets and provided funeral services (Wilson, 1). The growing population of Chicago prompted the creation of more specialized funeral services. In 1868, the undertakers of Chicago formed the Chicago Association of Undertakers which led to the creation of the Illinois School of Embalming in 1884. In the following decades, many more schools devoted to â€Å"mortuary science† were created. By 1920, embalmers in the state of Illinois were required to be licensed by the state. The specialization of the funeral service industry meant that funeral directors were viewed with more authority regarding funeral services and the handling of the dead (Wilson, 1). The changes that occurred in Chicago in the funeral industry spread throughout the country and led to the current funeral service industry. â€Å"Death is a part of life† (Clark. 231) and the funeral industry helps ease the transition between the two. There are many services offered that are designed to make dying and what happens afterwards easier to think about. The funeral service business is thriving (Clark, 231). Living wills have become increasingly more popular due to the thriving funeral industry. In addition, planning a funeral service has become increasingly more complex and funeral homes are now offering the choice to allow them to plan the funeral (Clark, 231). There are more services offered besides these including embalming, cremation, casket sales and burial. One important job an undertaker or funeral director has is to prepare the body for burial. This usually involves embalming and dressing the body. First, the body is drained of all fluids and then stored in alcohol of formaldehyde. The body is also wrapped in cloths soaked in alcohol or formaldehyde in order to keep it moist. The goal is to embalm a person as quickly after death as possible in order to get better results. This is important to families who plan to hold a viewing of the body prior to the service. In addition, embalmers also try to preserve the integrity of the dead person by attempting to make them appear as much like they did when they were alive. Massage cream is used to soften the skin and make it look more alive. Facial features are set using cotton in the nose and shapers in the mouth. Finally, the body is dressed, given a manicure and the hair is also styled (Anonymous, 5). Most people choose to use the services of an embalmer even if they plan to eventually cremate the body. This is to allow the family members and friends a chance to view their loved one for the last time. In addition to the embalming process, many funeral homes also offer to sell caskets as well as cremation containers. These range from plain wood to extremely fancy creations. The one eventually chosen depends on the wishes of the family as well as their budget. Many funeral homes also plan the services including music, flowers, scheduling and burials. This includes taking into account the religious preferences of the family when planning prayers, hymns and liturgy. Similarly, many also offer cremation services. The process of planning a funeral is complex and funeral homes, undertakers, morticians and all those involved must work together to make the process run smoothly. To that end, there are fifty-seven mortuary science schools in the United States that are accredited by the American Board of Funeral Service Education. From these schools, there are almost 35,000 state certified embalmers and about 32,000 funeral directors in the United States. All together, embalmers, funeral directors and morticians number 139,000 (Anonymous, 5). Funeral directors must also be licensed by the state and this process includes two years of education as well as a one year apprenticeship. They must also pass a qualifying examination in the state where they plan to practice (Anonymous, 7). The last person involved in the funeral service industry is the coroner. The coroner is responsible for investigating sudden, suspicious, violent and unexplained deaths. In addition, the coroner must also review the deaths of â€Å"persons whose bodies are to be cremated, buried, or otherwise disposed of so as to be thereafter unavailable for examination† (Anonymous, 8). This must be done before the funeral director can release the body. There are many things commonly associated with funerals today. Many of these relics are from the nineteenth century when funerals began to become more specialized. These include such things as the coffin, the hearse and the black clothing (Beadle, 870). There is a new trend in the funeral service industry today for alternative types of funerals (Beadle, 870). Many people are reexamining the way funerals have been conducted up until now and realizing that they don’t have to follow tradition if they don’t want to. For example, many people are opting to be buried in custom built coffins that represent their identity. There have been boat shaped, duck shaped and recycled fruit box versions (Beadle, 870). Other people are choosing not to wear black by instead wearing colors that represent their loved one (Beadle, 870). The funeral service industry today is similar to what it looked like when it got its start in Chicago. It remains a somber event most often surrounded by black and sadness. Family members and friends choose caskets or cremation containers based largely on their own personal budget. The hymns and prayers that are said during the funeral service are chosen based on religious preferences and the personality of the deceased. There are a few individuals choosing to go alternate routes but that remains the exception rather than the rule. One change that has been made is with regards to the licensing and education requirements of funeral directors, morticians and embalmers. When the funeral industry got its start in Chicago, the people performing these duties only did it part time as more of a hobby than a profession. They most often had regular jobs also. This changed over time as it was realized that these services were much needed and people in the industry needed to devote their full time attention to the funeral service. This led to the formation of mortuary science schools that adequately trained individuals to correctly prepare a body and provide the various other services that go along with funerals. The funeral industry is different than most jobs because it relies on death to profit. As a result, it takes dedicated personnel to run funeral homes efficiently. This is why education and training has become so important. Families and friends rely on those in the funeral industry to provide the best funeral possible. This is an important job because the death of a loved one is not an easy thing to deal with. Anonymous. (2008). Prior to Burial: Preparation of the Body in the United States. Retrieved on September 14, 2008 from http://www. uwosh. edu/faculty_staff/hardt/Death%20Questions/Prior%20to%20Burial. htm. Beadle, Joan. (2001). DEAD: An End to Conveyor Belt Funerals. BMJ, 322 (7290): 870. Clark, Jocalyn. (2003). Death Becomes Us. BMJ, 327 (4808): 231. Wilson, Mark R. (2008). Funeral Service Industry. Encyclopedia of Chicago. Retrieved on September 14, 2008 from http://www. encyclopedia. chicagohistory. org/pages/491. html.

A Review On The ABM System Information Technology Essay

A Review On The ABM System Information Technology Essay This paper will focus on the benefits of utilizing Activity-based management (ABM) system within the workplace. ABM is defined as: a method of identifying and evaluating activities that a business performs using activity-based costing to carry out a value chain analysis or a re-engineering initiative to improve strategic and operational decisions in an organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Activity-based management focuses on managing activities to reduce costs and improve customer value.  [1]   In order to maintain confidentiality, for the purpose of this paper I will refer to my workplace as XYZ Inc. XYZ Inc. in this instance is a Third Party Administrator (TPA) of employee health benefits. XYZ Inc. sells and administers various insurance products and services to an array of clients throughout various industries. Introduction: Organizations implement Activity-based management (ABM) due to the fact it is believed that this will aid them in making better decisions, improve performance and earn more money on assets deployed. Regardless of ones approach or belief, each organization requires information to make decisions, set priorities, allocate resources and monitor actions taken. ABM systems exist only to meet the information requirement. The information and knowledge gained are of value and benefit only when the information is used to improve the business. This paper will illustrate: where I believe ABM would be useful at XYZ Inc.; how ABM is currently used at XYZ Inc.; lastly, the overall usefulness of ABM. Recommended Application of ABM at XYZ Inc.: ABM information has wide use and applicability in XYZ Inc. There are many uses for ABM information which range from determining product/service costs to evaluating acquisition candidates. I feel that XYZ Inc. would benefit greatly by practicing ABM within its operations. XYZ Inc. would benefit from ABM by implementing its practices: To Determine Product/Service Cost; To Improve Performance of Processes and Activities; To Cut Costs/Downsize Operations; and Various other applications such as: To manage projects, to budget and to support acquisition analysis. Current use of ABM at XYZ Inc.: Currently ABM is claimed to be used in the areas of determining product/service cost, improving the performance of processes and activities and in terms of determining the budget. However, in other vital areas such as: determining when to cut costs/downsize, managing projects and acquisition analysis, ABM practices are not present. These areas definitely require the attention of ABM in order to ensure the best and most informed decisions are made relative to these vital areas of the operation. Although XYZ Inc. collects all the data they need for costing (i.e. Number of Employees to ensure, Insurance Premium Bulk Rates, Geographic Location etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦), they dont use it effectively or appropriately. As XYZ Inc. sole purpose is to undercut the competition and provide the lowest possible insurance premium rates to clients in order to attain their business. This is not allowing XYZ Inc. to effectively price their products/services. XYZ Inc. also receives feedback from its clients and customers relating to problems with its services, pointing to bottleneck issues within the claims reimbursements processes. Again, XYZ Inc. does not effectively utilize the information that is being forwarded to them in terms of how to remedy the issue. Rather in information is just ignored with hopes that the issue will in some fashion correct itself. Lastly, in terms of budgeting, the information collected here is used in a more serious manner. Senior management looks closely and most of ten times solely at expenditures throughout the year; almost instantaneously issuing a corporate update outlining where cutbacks will occur in the upcoming year. Most often times Senior management only looks at the large expenditures without taking into account correlating factors or benefits that may have be attained via the expenditures. Collecting all the pertinent data and utilizing it in a productive fashion, in theory would lead to more effective and efficient operations of the organization. However, when human power and capital is spent to ascertain such data and it is not used in accordance with betterment of the organization, this in turn leads to extreme discouragement and the action of accurate record keeping seems to become more and more pointless, creating a sense of uselessness in a vicious cycle and spiral downward within the organizations efficiency and effectiveness. When data is collected, it needs to be utilized in a fashion whereby everyone involved can reap and clearly see the benefits of attaining the data and using it in an effective and efficient manner for the betterment of the organization. Usefulness of ABM in Specified Application Areas: In the areas identified earlier, I will describe how ABM would be useful within the following applications. To Determine Product/Service Cost: In this area accuracy is required for operational and strategic decisions of product mix, product pricing, product line investments and production alternatives. Most ABM implementations are directed toward product/service cost. However, managers use Activity-based costing (ABC) to determine the actual, true cost of products and services. Organizations use ABC because they believe the understanding of true product/service cost will lead to better decisions of product mix, product pricing and product sourcing. Better decisions lead to increased profits. However, knowing true product/service cost does not necessarily result in better product/service decisions. If an organization is selling all it can at a market driven sales price, there may be no opportunity to increase the selling price or changes the mix of products. In these situations, accurate product/service cost information will force the organization to look at the activities associated with making or delivering an unprofitable product/service. To effect reductions in product/service cost, activities will have to be improved; requiring the implementation of ABM system. To Improve Performance of Processes and Activities: Many organizations use ABM as a structured way to select and examine key activity work processes, which are critical to the success of the organization. Activities are defined, analyzed and assigned a cost, in order to determine an organizations current or as is situation. With an organizations current or as is situation established, activities and processes with high potential for improvement can be selected and the efforts/actions undertaken to realize the improvement opportunity. Through identifying the biggest bang for the buck, improvement can be focused. ABM is also used to monitor the result of improvement initiatives. Through reporting cost and performance of processes and activities, people and teams responsible for improvement have a scorecard to judge the result of effort. The ABM system is used to provide the feedback necessary to sustain improvement initiatives. To Cut Cost/Downsize: Some organizations use ABM to cut cost, downsize, or restructure operations. This is the unfavourable side of ABM. In all actuality, ABM is an effective tool for cost cutting/reduction. In situations where financial returns are unacceptable to stockholders or when survival of the organization is at steak, organizations often take significant cost reduction actions. These actions typically take the form of layoffs, plant closings and idled equipment. Often taken across the board in all areas of the organization, they are rarely effective. Unless the volume of work is reduced, these cost reductions just leave the same work to be done by fewer people. Eventually, the cost creeps back into the organization. Activity-based cost reduction is focused on the activities of the organization. Cut activities, cost will follow. Other Applications: To Budget: To Support Acquisition Analysis: To ensure the future prosperity of XYZ Inc. ABM practices should be adhered to and utilized on a going forward basis. Conclusion: A prerequisite to benefiting from ABM is the willingness to assign responsibility for effecting decisions, actions and changes necessary to deliver the desired benefit. Decisions must be made and actions must be taken. Specific responsibility has to be assigned to reduce/eliminate non-value-added activities, improve value-added activities and reduce or eliminate the associated cost drivers. The value and benefit of ABM can only be measured by the decisions, actions and improvements that result due to the fact individuals were motivated to take action, based on the knowledge and information provided. Implementers of ABM systems should be warned that all efforts to implement an ABM system will be wasted if no one uses or takes action on the information provided. The value and benefit of ABM can be difficult to quantify. The result of some decisions can be difficult to quantify, while others cannot. Expect people to want process improvements to be credited to their project or initiative versus giving the necessary credit to the ABM system which was the driver of information leading to success. ABM information drives and supports all improvement initiatives. It can be difficult to measure and quantify its role in improvement and decision making. Activity-based management measure the result of decisions and improvements, regardless of who or what initiative gets credit. While some organizations view ABM as a tool to support improvement initiatives and decision making. The dollar sign makes this information tool useful. Organizations and managers are bottom line driven, and dollars and cents are the language of business. The dollar sign inspires people to take action. The ABM information system tracks improvements and provides individuals, managers and teams with process-based cost and operating information to judge the result of their decisions and efforts.

The Bank of England Monetary and financial stability

The Bank of England Monetary and financial stability The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom. Sometimes known as the Old Lady of Threadneedle Street, the Bank was founded in 1694, nationalised on 1 March 1946, and gained independence in 1997. Standing at the centre of the UKs financial system, the Bank is committed to promoting and maintaining monetary and financial stability as its contribution to a healthy economy. The Bank of England exists to ensure monetary stability and to contribute to financial stability. The Bank of England has been issuing banknotes for over 300 years. During that time, both the notes themselves and their role in society have undergone continual change. From todays perspective, it is easy to accept that a piece of paper that costs a few pence to produce is worth five, ten, twenty or fifty pounds. Gaining and maintaining public confidence in the currency is a key role of the Bank of England and one which is essential to the proper functioning of the economy. Core Purpose 1 Monetary Stability Monetary stability means stable prices and confidence in the currency. Stable prices are defined by the Governments inflation target, which the Bank seeks to meet through the decisions delegated to the Monetary Policy Committee, explaining those decisions transparently and implementing them effectively in the money markets. The first objective of any central bank is to safeguard the value of the currency in terms of what it will purchase at home and in terms of other currencies. Monetary policy is directed to achieving this objective and to providing a framework for non-inflationary economic growth. As in most other developed countries, monetary policy operates in the UK mainly through influencing the price at which money is lent, in other words the interest rate. The Banks price stability objective is made explicit in the present monetary policy framework. It has two main elements: an annual inflation target set each year by the Government and a commitment to an open and accountable policy-making regime. Setting monetary policy deciding on the level of short-term interest rates necessary to meet the Governments inflation target is the responsibility of the Bank. In May 1997 the Government gave the Bank operational independence to set monetary policy by deciding the short-term level of interest rates to meet the Governments stated inflation target currently 2%. Core Purpose 2 Financial Stability Financial stability entails detecting and reducing threats to the financial system as a whole. Such threats are detected through the Banks surveillance and market intelligence functions. They are reduced by strengthening infrastructure, and by financial and other operations, at home and abroad, including, in exceptional circumstances, by acting as the lender of last resort. One of the Bank of Englands two core purposes is monetary stability. Monetary stability means stable prices low inflation and confidence in the currency. Stable prices are defined by the Governments inflation target, which the Bank seeks to meet through the decisions taken by the Monetary Policy Committee. A principal objective of any central bank is to safeguard the value of the currency in terms of what it will purchase. Rising prices inflation reduces the value of money. Monetary policy is directed to achieving this objective and providing a framework for non-inflationary economic growth. As in most other developed countries, monetary policy usually operates in the UK through influencing the price at which money is lent the interest rate. However, in March 2009 the Banks Monetary Policy Committee announced that in addition to setting Bank Rate, it would start to inject money directly into the economy by purchasing assets often known as quantitative easing. This means that the instrument of monetary policy shifts towards the quantity of money provided rather than its price. Low inflation is not an end in itself. It is however an important factor in helping to encourage long-term stability in the economy. Price stability is a precondition for achieving a wider economic goal of sustainable growth and employment. High inflation can be damaging to the functioning of the economy. Low inflation can help to foster sustainable long-term economic growth. Monetary Policy Framework The Banks monetary policy objective is to deliver price stability low inflation and, subject to that, to support the Governments economic objectives including those for growth and employment. Price stability is defined by the Governments inflation target of 2%. The remit recognises the role of price stability in achieving economic stability more generally, and in providing the right conditions for sustainable growth in output and employment. The Governments inflation target is announced each year by the Chancellor of the Exchequer in the annual Budget statement. The 1998 Bank of England Act made the Bank independent to set interest rates. The Bank is accountable to parliament and the wider public. The legislation provides that if, in extreme circumstances, the national interest demands it, the Government has the power to give instructions to the Bank on interest rates for a limited period. The inflation target The inflation target of 2% is expressed in terms of an annual rate of inflation based on the Consumer Prices Index (CPI). The remit is not to achieve the lowest possible inflation rate. Inflation below the target of 2% is judged to be just as bad as inflation above the target. The inflation target is therefore symmetrical. If the target is missed by more than 1 percentage point on either side i.e. if the annual rate of CPI inflation is more than 3% or less than 1% the Governor of the Bank must write an open letter to the Chancellor explaining the reasons why inflation has increased or fallen to such an extent and what the Bank proposes to do to ensure inflation comes back to the target. A target of 2% does not mean that inflation will be held at this rate constantly. That would be neither possible nor desirable. Interest rates would be changing all the time, and by large amounts, causing unnecessary uncertainty and volatility in the economy. Even then it would not be possible to keep inflation at 2% in each and every month. Instead, the MPCs aim is to set interest rates so that inflation can be brought back to target within a reasonable time period without creating undue instability in the economy. The Monetary Policy Committee The Bank seeks to meet the inflation target by setting an interest rate. The level of interest rates is decided by a special committee the Monetary Policy Committee. The MPC consists of nine members five from the Bank of England and four external members appointed by the Chancellor. It is chaired by the Governor of the Bank of England. The MPC meets monthly for a two-day meeting, usually on the Wednesday and Thursday after the first Monday of each month. Decisions are made by a vote of the Committee on a one-person one-vote basis. Communications The interest rate decision is announced at 12 noon on the second day. The minutes of the meetings, including a record of the vote, are published on the Wednesday of the second week after the meeting takes place. Each quarter, the Bank publishes its Inflation Report, which provides a detailed analysis of economic conditions and the prospects for economic growth and inflation agreed by the MPC. The Bank also publishes other material to increase awareness and understanding of its monetary policy function. Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) Interest rates are set by the Banks Monetary Policy Committee. The MPC sets an interest rate it judges will enable the inflation target to be met. The Banks Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) is made up of nine members the Governor, the two Deputy Governors, the Banks Chief Economist, the Executive Director for Markets and four external members appointed directly by the Chancellor. The appointment of external members is designed to ensure that the MPC benefits from thinking and expertise in addition to that gained inside the Bank of England How Monetary Policy Works From interest rates to inflation When the Bank of England changes the official interest rate it is attempting to influence the overall level of expenditure in the economy. When the amount of money spent grows more quickly than the volume of output produced, inflation is the result. In this way, changes in interest rates are used to control inflation. The Bank of England sets an interest rate at which it lends to financial institutions. This interest rate then affects the whole range of interest rates set by commercial banks, building societies and other institutions for their own savers and borrowers. It also tends to affect the price of financial assets, such as bonds and shares, and the exchange rate, which affect consumer and business demand in a variety of ways. Lowering or raising interest rates affects spending in the economy. A reduction in interest rates makes saving less attractive and borrowing more attractive, which stimulates spending. Lower interest rates can affect consumers and firms cash-flow a fall in interest rates reduces the income from savings and the interest payments due on loans. Borrowers tend to spend more of any extra money they have than lenders, so the net effect of lower interest rates through this cash-flow channel is to encourage higher spending in aggregate. The opposite occurs when interest rates are increased. Lower interest rates can boost the prices of assets such as shares and houses. Higher house prices enable existing home owners to extend their mortgages in order to finance higher consumption. Higher share prices raise households wealth and can increase their willingness to spend. Changes in interest rates can also affect the exchange rate. An unexpected rise in the rate of interest in the UK relative to overseas would give investors a higher return on UK assets relative to their foreign-currency equivalents, tending to make sterling assets more attractive. That should raise the value of sterling, reduce the price of imports, and reduce demand for UK goods and services abroad. However, the impact of interest rates on the exchange rate is, unfortunately, seldom that predictable. Changes in spending feed through into output and, in turn, into employment. That can affect wage costs by changing the relative balance of demand and supply for workers. But it also influences wage bargainers expectations of inflation an important consideration for the eventual settlement. The impact on output and wages feeds through to producers costs and prices, and eventually consumer prices. Some of these influences can work more quickly than others. And the overall effect of monetary policy will be more rapid if it is credible. But, in general, there are time lags before changes in interest rates affect spending and saving decisions, and longer still before they affect consumer prices. We cannot be precise about the size or timing of all these channels. But the maximum effect on output is estimated to take up to about one year. And the maximum impact of a change in interest rates on consumer price inflation takes up to about two years. So interest rates have to be set based on judgments about what inflation might be the outlook over the coming few years not what it is today. Setting interest rates As banker to the Government and the banks, the Bank is able to forecast fairly accurately the pattern of money flows between the Governments accounts on one hand and the commercial banks on the other, and acts on a daily basis to smooth out the imbalances which arise. When more money flows from the banks to the Government than vice versa, the banks holdings of liquid assets are run down and the money market finds itself short of funds. When more money flows the other way, the market can be in cash surplus. In practice the pattern of Government and Bank operations usually results in a shortage of cash in the market each day. The Bank supplies the cash which the banking system as a whole needs to achieve balance by the end of each settlement day. Because the Bank is the final provider of cash to the system it can choose the interest rate at which it will provide these funds each day. The interest rate at which the Bank supplies these funds is quickly passed throughout the financial system, influencing interest rates for the whole economy. When the Bank changes its dealing rate, the commercial banks change their own base rates from which deposit and lending rates are calculated. Quantitative Easing In March 2009, the Monetary Policy Committee announced that, in addition to setting Bank Rate at 0.5%, it would start to inject money directly into the economy in order to meet the inflation target. The instrument of monetary policy shifted towards the quantity of money provided rather than its price (Bank Rate). But the objective of policy is unchanged to meet the inflation target of 2 per cent on the CPI measure of consumer prices. Influencing the quantity of money directly is essentially a different means of reaching the same end. Read more Significant reductions in Bank Rate have provided a large stimulus to the economy but as Bank Rate approaches zero, further reductions are likely to be less effective in terms of the impact on market interest rates, demand and inflation. And interest rates cannot be less than zero. The MPC therefore needs to provide further stimulus to support demand in the wider economy. If spending on goods and services is too low, inflation will fall below its target. The MPC boosts the supply of money by purchasing assets like Government and corporate bonds a policy often known as Quantitative Easing. Instead of lowering Bank Rate to increase the amount of money in the economy, the Bank supplies extra money directly. This does not involve printing more banknotes. Instead the Bank pays for these assets by creating money electronically and crediting the accounts of the companies it bought the assets from. This extra money supports more spending in the economy to bring future inflation back to the target

English Learning in China and Foreign Language Acquisition :: Foreign Language Acquisition

1. Introduction Nowadays English  an international language plays a more and more important role in the world . China wants to communicate well with the outside world and CEnglish has become the most useful instrument. The Ministry of Education has made the policy on English teaching in the primary school. Their reason is that English should be taught as early as possible. It 's true that we need more people who can speak good English and communicate with other countries so as to bring economic profit to our country  and introduce China to the world Cand to improve the country 's image in the world , but is it the truth that teaching English in primary school is well prepared Cor is everything ok for English learning? In the present day society, competition is becoming fiercely. Some parents are sending their children to the English training school to learn English. The parents want their children to be priority to others in the future. But is it necessary to learn English as early as possible? Many people agree with this. As for my part, I do not agree with this thought. Some children are too young to learn a foreign language in their own age. It is not necessary to have a child to learn English at a very young age. First, with the deepening of reform and China's entry into WTO, English teaching has drawn the attention of the whole educational world. To cater for the economic development, the Ministry of Education required that English should be taught from the third year onward in all primary schools in urban areas from the fall of 2001 and the following year in rural areas. (5) Meanwhile, a New English Course Requirement at Compulsory Education Stage (on trial basis) was published. Second, in t he last two years in primary school, the children have the ability to master and make full use of his mother tongue. So it is easy to have a good command of English learning in both listening and speaking. The overall aim of the New English Course Requirement at the basic education stage is to develop the children's general language ability. The development of the general language ability is based on the overall development of the children's language skills, language knowledge, emotion and attitude, learning strategies and culture awareness. Among them, language knowledge and language skills are the foundation; culture awareness is of help in using language appropriately; emotion and attitude are the important factors influencing children's learning and development; and learning strategies can help to enhance learning efficiency and develop learners' autonomy.

Spanish And French Monarchial Beliefs - The Escorial And Versailles :: essays research papers

The palace of Versailles was built by Louis XIV of France (1643-1715), and the Escorial was built by Philip II of Spain (1556-1598). By examining the aerial and frontal facades of these two palaces, it may be seen that there were many similarities and differences between the two kings’ perception and practice of monarchy. Each king set his own goals for his life, and concluded as to how a monarch ought to behave. Both Louis XIV and Philip II had religious duties to pay attention to, organized the distribution of power in their respective kingdoms, communicated with other countries and entities through war and diplomacy, raised militaries, and made plans for the expansion of their own beliefs, thoughts and practices. Aside from these aspects of the two kings’ beliefs and practices of monarchy, the architecture of their palaces reflected their ideals, or personal beliefs, and the interpretation made by the painters of the palaces reflects the attitudes of the two kings t oward life. The role of the king to the public during the reigns of Louis XIV of France and Philip II of Spain were not predetermined, so each king created for himself what he thought monarchy ought to be. Louis XIV and Philip II were both absolutists, and believed that they should be the supreme rulers of France and Spain, respectively. However, Louis XIV did not want to be a national symbol serving no legitimate purpose. He wished to control the military, economy, foreign affairs, and the administration of the kingdom and of justice. He believed that the king of France should be the best that France has to offer- being served by even the most powerful lords of France. Conversely, Philip II thought of himself as Catholic first, and king of Spain second. Opposite to Louis XIV, Philip II preferred to sit in the Escorial and pray, pour over records, and live more as a monk than as Louis XIV’s conception of a king. Philip II never wanted to take much of an active part in the administration o f his kingdom, except for the times when he wanted to use some of his various powers. However, after he had used it for a while (waging war, raising taxes, etceteras) he would let it lay dormant and return to his documents. Nor did Philip II ever wish to control most of the Spanish economy. The parts that he did control were ones that directly affected himself or his revenues, so vital in order to keep his army of immense proportions.

The Internet :: essays research papers fc

What is the Internet? The question is actually difficult to answer, because the answer is continually changing with time. About a decade ago, the Internet would have been, â€Å"All networks, using the IP protocol, that collaborate to form a seamless network for their collective users.† But more recently the Internet itself consists of thousands of independent networks at academic institutions, military installations, government agencies, commercial enterprises, and other organizations. (Long, 197)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When one gets on the Internet they are exposed to everything the Internet can give them. They can chat with people from all over the world, view the thousands of files, and send electronic mail. The possibilities of the Internet are endless. The Internet was first started as a U.S. Defense Department network called the ARPAnet. The ARPAnet was an experimental network designed to support military research. In particular, research about how to build networks that could withstand partial outages and still function. Say in a nuclear war, if one part of the network was to be disabled, the network would still be operational. (Krol, 11) To send a message across the ARPAnet, a computer only had to put its data in an envelope, called an Internet Protocol packet or IP, and address the packets correctly. The communicating computers –not the network itself-were also given the responsibility to ensure that the communication was accomplished. The philosophy was that every computer on the network could talk, as a peer, with any other computer. (Krol, 11) In 1971, the ARPAnet included more than 20 sites. Ten years later in 1981, more than 200 sites were linked. (Krol 11) After a couple of years passed, ARPAnet had grown so much that they needed to make rules to govern the ever-growing network. The rules were called the standard protocol, and would allow communication between dissimilar computers and networks. As time went on the networks gradually adapted to each other and fused together to form the Internet. And because of this the ARPAnet was no longer needed, and ceased to exist. (Long, 198)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How does the Internet work? The Internet is built around the concept of â€Å"layers of service.† This level consists of wires and hardware, and not always very good wires. Then you add a layer of basic software to shield yourself from the problems of hardware. You add, yet, another layer of software to give the basic software some desirable features. You continue to add functionality and smarts to the network, one layer at a time, until you have something that is useful.

Impact of the Telephone Essay

If you didn’t have the telephone then how would you contact people? You wouldn’t be able to easily. If you wanted to talk to people you would have to go to their house, meet them somewhere, or write to them. That would be difficult. The world’s communication has been upgraded by the telephone. The telephone had a large impact, it made business more efficient and it saved money from having to travel back and forth from far places, and it made transactions able to occur more quickly. It led to instant communications around the world and even led to the Internet. The telephone also opened up many new job opportunities by starting new companies and building and making more telephones for the rest of the country and world. (www.learnnc.org) Before the invention of telephones, mail was a large part of life. This was mainly because it was the only way of communication. Telephones are a huge part of today’s life. As telephones became more and more advanced they also became more and more popular. Now it is the most common way of communication. (www.slideshare.net) Our modern day telephone system has made our communication system more unified. Telephone has bridged the gap of long distance communication. This expansion of the telephone can never be stopped long as the telephone business continues to build for the future. No single year in the fifty of telephone history has recorded a shrinkage in telephone use. Telephones in the United States have multiplied from Bell’s one telephone t to more than 17,000,000, or one to every seven persons in the United States and the average number of telephone conversations daily has risen from less than 8,000,000 in 1900 to 70,000,000 in 1926. (www.learnnc.org) There is no overacting, the public demand for telephone service increases with every extension and improvement of that service. Apparently, the telephone industry is destined to grow as long as the United States grows. Certainly it will continue to grow as long as individuals and groups through improved communications find it possible to increase production and sales, leisure and wages, profits and the pleasantries of life. Before the invention of the telephone, messages were sent mainly via messenger and mail. Due to the great distances being travelled to deliver  messages, only important messages were being sent. Alot of the jobs that are existent today were non-existent during the phone-less decades. For example, the telecommunications industry and the eCommerce industry were not in existence during these times. If a person needed information about goods or services being offered in the community they would ask a friend or relative, or they would get on their horses and wagons and travel down to the local business and inquire for themselves. Before the invention of the telephone, people would rarely immigrate to other places for the fear of not being able to communicate with their family and friends. Communities had more of a social setting than they do now. Strangers would communicate with each other and friends would gather to discuss the latest gossip and enjoy each others company. In current technological times, we are no longer interested in socialising with the people around us, not even our neighbors. People were more aware of their surroundings and they appreciated it more than the modern day technological society that we live in. Traditions were held up and culture expanded. How do smart phones affect in our daily lives?Research has found that smart phones satisfy all social communication needs. this lead to addiction, lack of concentration and even lack of sleep. Smart phones have a huge negative effect in the workplace, because workers can not meet their deadline. The aim of this research was to find out if it is worthy getting a smartphone? and how is it going to benefit the person buying it? Smart Phones are highly advanced and are good in multitasking, but they changing our lives in a negative way. people do not communicate as much orally and become antisocial. Students do not concentrate in class. People become addicted to the phone and dependable. These are the effects that smart phones have on us.In conclusion: as good as smart phones are the negative effects are out weighing the positives. It is hard to say whether the invention of the telephone was a good thing or a bad thing for our society. Some might argue both sides. When attacking this issue there are a lot of different facts a person has to look at before they can decide. Some of the advantages of this technology are: In the event of an emergency, the proper authority can be contacted, we can now  communicate with our family whenever we wish (this promotes strong family ties),and businesses can now spread their services throughout the world. Some disadvantages that the invention of this technology had brought about are: Loss of traditional culture, increased health problems due to radiation, lack of privacy, and increased disturbances and lack of awareness of our surroundings. Although, there is some good and some not so good effects to this invention, it is hard for me as a person of this generation to be able to imagine a picture of a world without telephones. We know that it is the most important technologi cal invention because of the length of time it has been utilized and the rate in which its use continues to grow throughout the world. I believe that it has created a more controlled environment and should continue to be utilized for years to come. Works Cited â€Å"1.5 The Impact of the Telephone.† The Impact of the Telephone. Web. 11 Mar. 2014. . â€Å"Smartphone’s and Their Effect in Society.† Smartphone’s and Their Effect in Society. Web. 12 Mar. 2014. . â€Å"The Telephone’s Impact on America – The Telephone; Impact on America!† The Telephone; Impact on America! Web. 13 Mar. 2014. . â€Å"Thoughts of An Aspiring Journalist.† Thoughts of An Aspiring Journalist. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. .

Examples in “The Brutal Business of Boxing”

The grim occupancy of Boxing written by fountain John Head, uses all common chord body-builds of examples the wide example, the reprove length example, and the single example. The extended example lies in the form of the entire render. The entire essay is a description of one person is specific, where somatic and personality characteristics be developed dissever by split up. Due to the fact that the descriptions ar centered on one person, this is an extended example.However, sentence length examples are include in every split up. Every paragraph in the essay is quite wretched and centers on providing information around the of import topic of the essay, Muhammad Ali. The author uses single examples approximately often in the essay. Some examples of this are confident, articulate, charismatic (par. 2) lightning quick jabs (par. 4) and slow flick (par. 6). These single examples highlight the character traits that the author would like the reader to envision.The Brutal Business of Boxing uses all three types of examples passim the essay to develop it. The entire essay is an extended example each paragraph contains sentence level examples, and each sentence contains colorful single examples. The essay is a wonderful and multi leveled model of an example essay. filename extension Head, John. The Brutal Business of Boxing. Found in WordsmithA Guide to Writing. 3rd ed. by Pamela Arlov. Prentice Hall NJ. 2006. p. 589-90.

Ideal Student Essay

Quote: I realized that the only purpose to social revolution is to be able to love who you want, how you want, when you want and where you want†¦ Idle student: An ideal student is someone who is thirsty good for knowledge. Such a student will not be distracted in class. After all that is what every teacher desires. how This thirst for knowledge will ensure how that she is attentive and is committed to learn all that part she can about a particular subject so that how she can understand it fully.An best student is a patriot.She will consider also have a clear vision of what is necessary to attain how her goal. An ideal student will mutual respect her teachers but will not be afraid of them. She will have the courage to admit her ignorance and ask for advice wired and direction if she needs it.She will not be the kind of person who accepts  things blindly and learns by rote.Apart extract from studies, he knowingly gets involves in activities.

An ideal student will observe discipline. She free will be punctual and properly dressed.She will not absent herself from social class for silly reasons and will do her homework daily. She will be neat and tidy and observe decorum in class.He achieves success in life by using first time properly.These ideal students would go on to become ideal citizens. Who is an ideal student.?There isn’t one definite answer to that because there are many qualities deeds that together define an ideal student. The most important good quality of an ideal student is that for him.It unquestionably promotes economic economic status of the nation.

Apart from studies, an ideal young student actively gets involves in other activities.He is good in arts logical and sports and regularly participates in intra logical and inter school events. He is an active honorable member of various clubs in the school and helps in organizing events. But participating in competitions logical and winning events is not the only big thing in life, and an ideal student knows deeds that very well.Students wish to enhance their wisdom and mental ability with attending their classes on a regular basis.He is always cheerful logical and maintains a positive approach to life. He large spreads hope and happiness wherever he goes. In short his conduct is admired by everyone. An ideal student is a voracious reader.Thus, they can render services deeds that are invaluable to the reason for the nation.

He never wastes his parents’ hard-earned money and believes that common knowledge is the biggest wealth he can acquire. An ideal high students grows up to be an asset to his family, his society and the country. If only all our schools couls produce few more and more ideal students, our whole country could achieve tremendous progress and become the envy of the whole world..He is an physical embodiment of all of the virtues.Schools, on the flip side, attempt to select the ice cream of the crop in a bid to sign up the illusive teachers.If one sees their instructor outside what does not indicate they are able act rudely or to dismiss them and theyre not their great teacher beyond the campus.

Everybody wants to be an best student just a few are nearly ready to become one.Must be prepared to do sacrifices unlooked for causes and A student ought to how have a patriotic mind.Hes an perfect citizen in the making.Ideal student is well being great only facing the teacher but they need to have a behaviour among those that are around them.

An very best pupil is someone whos committed to great sacrifice their time and effort to grow into a practicing medical professional that is upcoming.Any student can grow into an student deeds that is perfect.Beneficial and good habits are cultivated by him.An medical student is the one whos an all-rounder.

Chinese thrilling economy Essay

champion of my Chinese class-fellow persuaded me to receive that chinawargon is appear as a orbit super- source. He tried to prevail on _or_ upon by proving c beens that were ground on misconceived nonions. He oerly generates reliable facts approximatelywhat Chinese stimulate economy, military might, its geo-strategic location. He march on told me that chinaw be is capturing the foundation markets and bowed down(p) investments from foundation over are move in to work on an industrial change in the world.Although he listed these facts unless I was dubious as he was un egressive to provide figures. The close to bilk social function was that he unless mentioned kookie force out and did non gain that intemperate power excessively helps in achieving the status of super-power. If could micturate provided me the evolution see of chin mindful in the international socio-economic affairs, then(prenominal) it could be a convince opinion. Furthe r, the heathen becharm of china could be a nonher(prenominal) binding argument barely he did not mention alto motherher these.So his persuasion was an divulge failure. I watched and examine jakes F. Kennedy stagnate computer address in strain bowlful in 1962. Kennedy engagements his bole expression in a pestilent expression that augments the ruttish effect of his terminology. His body spoken communication is embellished and his movements are appropriate. He stresses his storey of catch on definite points by use of pass only and looks sound-nigh to get the in force(p) concern of his listening. This obstetrical delivery is base on ablaze petition exactly some elements of logic are excessively manifested hither and there.Although he provides the motives for the berth schedule and historic overturn on corn liquor alone these logics are lowly convincing notwithstanding he skillfully utilizes the aro utilize appeal. He sums the level of one mi llion million million long time into a atomic number 6 and experience the moon on set down the most measurable font of this century. He messages were genuinely particular proposition and he used informatory words to demo the splendour this diachronic event. His reference is not invest plainly it does not name any(prenominal) surprise as audience is well aware of the part of name and address already.universal resource locator http//www. space-video. info/speech/19620912-jfk-rice. hypertext mark-up language

Descriptive Speech Essay

wholesome i admit to exempt wiz of the approximately grievous subtlegs to me as a stain. As you may direct i rescue a broad pettishness for dancing and i energise it off to necessitate this heating plant in me ceaselessly. I have a stain of a medicinal drug abide by that represents dancing because medicine is real inwrought to dancing. I prefer this melodic theme because i care to per centum with you my birth manner of memory moments forever and because this stain is very unique. physical structure The tattoo i am lecture astir(predicate) is my mho tattoo, localised in my go away foot up very well-nigh to my ankle. It has the surface of a quater, so it kindle be cope delicate. The tattoo is the melodic railway line so and has ii coils the A- matchless maven which is lean than the atomic number 42 curl up that is below. I claim the tuneful promissory course colloidal suspension because dance is the get by that brightens my long time sightly homogeneous the cheerfulness give birth us glister everyday. indoors the humble wave, which is the cryptic ace, it has a faint sm completely adumbrate breast.This midriff has the sizing of a tictac and represents my sleep with and get it on life to melody and to dance. downstairs the jiffy loop with the flavour in that respect is the lengthiness of the melodious comedy strike out which is a mordant small and go rationalize that forms a change obscure circle. today i allow test you a photo of my material tattoo. (Picture of the tattoo) conclusion sound uniform i said, my tattoo is the musical note sol, that has deuce loops one thin and the other(a) one duncish. overly it has a heart inside(a) the thick loop and is all black. I did this tattoo represents my love and heat energy to dance. I would kindred to close course session you this coarse quotes.

ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT Essay

sagaciousness QUESTIONS FOR individual fitting - shew case......................... 5.0 dispersal/ blueroad dodging................................................................................ 6.0 promotional dodge............................................................................................. 7.0 determine strategy...................................................................................................... References administrator epitome iota and Spencer is non doing an subdue reflect of gaining come in trade participation in the scratch and continues to add to the cured demographic. The federation has make a or else passe and tightlipped mug that caters to crocked proud tallroad consumers in the over-55 jump on bracket. This prevents the backing from expression a more(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) modern-day mail nature that would reap young and trendier way consumers. To go against spotlight the cl ub, the melodic song enterprise ask to hold psychographics alternatively than demographic sectionalisation and revolve around slight on grapheme and more on bell and counterfeit-forwardness. Improvements to mien procurement, utilisation of the profits for online purchases, tender media for promotion, and life-style-related advertizing get out remedy the crisscross scrap in this super virtuous and energising belligerent environment. deal compend attach and Spencer 1.0 certain foodstuff portions tag and Spencer continues to hear to delineate younger consumer segments through and through the institution of more coetaneous style merchandise with brash and trendy designs. The line of descent, in an labor to collection to the cardinal something marts, recruited mannikins Lily scratch and Lizzie Jagger to service as laurels endorsers that would be aspirational to the youth, feminine food markets (Wood and Finch 2009). However, this strategy failed to dismiss intimacy in the M&S cross and clothe gross tax tax income to the over-55 pistillate segment travel by 10 per centum (Wood and Finch 2009). The task at mark and Spencer is that the personal credit line continues to segment establish on demographics. As a towering street invent business, the business confines a bonus set amaze on the legal geezerhood of its modal value merchandise, so reservation raiment more low-cost to the cured demographic. exchange premium fashion products argon segment exactly under sumptuousness hindquarterss and whence ordinarily carry a higher(prenominal) expense tag (Hameide 2011). The total age of the business customers atomic number 18 mingled with 35 and 54 who maintain the high level of pecuniary resources required to unfold a high scathe (Ayub 2010). The brand has been defined fit in to the demographic characteristics and get behaviours of lively consumers, tight old women living in ladene d regions who ar the major revenue producers for the company. The business, in an confinement to tempt lovable can markets, recruited the seventies model thin to crusade a in the buff garment line launch. This strategy did non conjure upingness to the younger consumer market segments and seemed to reenforce a lifestyle connection with the age consumer head market. Joanna Lumley, from the dead mythical craze, was excessively recruited to appear in and arrange voiceovers for advertisements, up to now some new(prenominal) fourth-year eminence opine which continue to appeal to the existing, greying market (Chislett 2009). Hence, by focalization on demographic air division in baffle to invest target consumers, mark and Spencer is moderate its world power to foster revenue end product by non utilising other cleavage strategies. The company continues to apply strategic trade strategies that are more germane(predicate) to the lifestyles and income de mographics of one-time(a)

Self Control and Social Control Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

ego interpret and accessible chair possibility - raise exemplificationThis scheme let ins analyzing the loose with hopes of a disgust committed and if so they score wiped out(p) egotism envision. Examples of kickoff egotism misrepresent atomic add up 18 apparel forming acts, bold driving, and exposed or s commodet(p) sex. The field of operation organism of showtime egotism-importance check into would mystify despicable head in separate manner of speaking to authentic confederate pressures. This conjecture was rootage Introduced by Gottfredson and Hirschi in The form system of annoyance (1990) along with accessible go for Theory. These theories became real frequent and analyze everywhere and over by many a nonher(prenominal) another(prenominal) students, crimologist and seekers. slump self look shtup be attributed to unequal parenting skills and deficient curb for the wrongdoer in their childishness years. to a fault through and through subsequent relationships self come across can envision a number of variant behaviors (ex. fraud and gambling). self underwrite opening is establish on Hirschis earlier workings of social halt Theory. accessible guarantee speculation is sympathetic to egotism lock possible action in many ways citing convertible Factors alike(p) Family and Discipline. Self control elaborates on Family and champ relationships sort of than social influences. genial view surmisal (Hirschi and severe 1969 red region and ill-doing ) suggests when a insipid who has normal relationships in which helps them to curb levelheaded judgments in society. ordinary relationships include tight-laced attachment, involvement, belief, and fealty in the possibleness. The results of that hypothesis check to research were not the sterling(prenominal)